区块链是分布式数据存储、点对点传输、共识机制、加密算法等计算机技术的新型应用模式。国家强调把区块链作为核心技术自主创新的重要突破口，加快推动区块链技术和产业创新发展。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Block chains are new applications of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanisms, encryption algorithms, etc. The country emphasizes block chains as important entry points for core technological autonomy and accelerates technological and industrial innovation.
我国区块链发展历程
资料来源：智研咨询整理
区块链类型主要分为公有区块链、联合（行业）区块链以及私有区块链，公有区块链是指世界上任何个体或者团体都可以发送交易，且交易能够获得该区块链的有效确认，任何人都可以参与其共识过程。
& nbsp; & nbsp; The type of block chain is divided mainly into the public block chain, the joint (industry) block chain and the private block chain, which means that any individual or group in the world can send a transaction and that the transaction can be validly confirmed in the block chain and anyone can participate in its consensus process.
我国区块链类型
资料来源：智研咨询整理
一、区块链产业发展概况
& nbsp; & nbsp; i. Development of the block chain industry
智研咨询发布的《2021-2027年中国区块链行业竞争格局分析及市场前景趋势报告》数据显示：2020年是区块链产业发展的关键年，产业区块链成为行业发展的主流和共识。近年来，我国区块链相关注册企业数量持续攀升，截至2020年底，全国区块链相关注册企业数量24587家，较上年增加12864家，同比增长108.8%。
2014-2020年区块链相关注册企业数量及增长率
资料来源：区块链之家、智研咨询整理
截止到2020年年底，广东省区块链企业数量最多，达到28923家，远超其他地区；其次是浙江区块链企业数量4480家；江苏区块链企业数量4053家；其余山东、海南、重庆、陕西、福建、北京、湖南区块链企业数量均在1000家以上。
& nbsp; & nbsp; By the end of 2020, the largest number of block chains in Guangdong Province stood at 28923, far beyond the rest of the region; followed by 4480 in Zhejiang Region; 4053 in Jiangsu Region; and more than 1,000 in Shandong, Hainan, Chongqing, Chenxi, Fujian, Beijing and Hunnan.
2020年区块链企业注册地分布
资料来源：区块链之家、智研咨询整理
从企业注册资本来看，2020年区块链企业注册资本在100-1000万元范围的企业数量占比48.32%；其次是注册资本在10-100万元之间企业占比29.76%；注册资本在1000-10000万的企业数量占比14.93%；注册资金在1亿元以上的企业占比为2. 07%。
& nbsp; & nbsp; In terms of the registered capital of enterprises, 48.32% of the total number of registered enterprises with block chain capital in the range of $10-10 million in 2020; 29.76% of the registered capital in the range of $10-10 million; 14.93% of the registered capital in the range of 10-10 million; and 2.07% of the registered assets in the range of $100 million or more.
2020年区块链企业注册资本规模分布
资料来源：区块链之家、智研咨询整理
按企业工商登记的细分范围，2020年区块链企业所属行业以软件和信息技术服务业为主，企业数量达23789家，占比32%；研究和试验发展业企业数量未12411家，占比16%；商务服务业企业数量11447家，占比15%。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Within the scope of the breakdown by business register of enterprises, in 2020, the number of firms in the block chain was predominantly in software and information technology services, accounting for 23789 or 32 per cent; the number of enterprises in research and pilot development was not 12,411, or 16 per cent; and the number of businesses in business services was 11447 or 15 per cent.
2020年区块链企业所属行业分布
资料来源：区块链之家、智研咨询整理
按地域分，已开展业务的区块链企业主要分布在广东、北京、上海、浙江等经济和技术发达地区。其中，广东企业数量最多，为489家；其次是北京企业数量461家；上海企业数量223家；浙江企业数量187家；江苏企业数量103家。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Operating block chains, by geographical area, are mainly located in economically and technologically developed areas such as Guangdong, Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang. Of these, the largest number is in Guangdong, 489; followed by Beijing, 461; Shanghai, 223; Zhejiang, 187; Jiangsu, 103.
2020年开展业务的区块链企业分布
资料来源：区块链之家、智研咨询整理
按基础底层平台分，多数项目以超级账本和以太坊，平台数量分别是323家、163家；其次FISCO BCOS平台数量45家；EOS平台数量42家；比特币平台数量23家；其余趣链、壹账链、蚂蚁区块链、布比区块链、荣泽区块链、聚龙链均在10家以上。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Most projects by base bottom platform, with 323 superbooks and 163 platforms, respectively; Next FISCO BCOS platform, 45; EOS platform, 42; Bitcoin platform, 23; and the rest of the fun chain, one chain, ant block chain, Bubi block chain, Ether block chain, Long Ze block chain, dragon chain, 10 or more.
2020年区块链基础底层平台应用情况
资料来源：区块链之家、智研咨询整理
目前部分企业在区块链技术应用上已经形成了一定的技术储备。2020年有1100余家企业在国内拥区块链相关专利(包括受理、公开、授权)，其中拥有超过100项区块链专利的企业33家；拥有50-100个区块链专利的企业26家；拥有10-50个区块链专利的企业195家，拥有2-9个区块链专利的企业544家；拥有1个区块链专利的企业330家。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Some enterprises now have a certain technological reserve for the application of block chain technology. In 2020, there were more than 1,100 patents (including receipt, disclosure, authorization) related to the chain of blocks in the country, 33 of which had patents on more than 100 block chains; 26 companies with patents on 50-100 block chains; 195 businesses with patents on 10-50 block chains; 544 businesses with patents on 2-9 block chains; and 330 businesses with patents on a chain of blocks.
2020年企业区块链相关专利数量分布
资料来源：区块链之家、智研咨询整理
2020 年区块链领域发生的安全事件主要包括DeFi安全事件103起，占比18%；诈骗/钓鱼事件204起，占比37%；勒索软件事件143起，占比26%；交易平台安全事件31起，占比6%；数字钱包安全事件41起，占比7%；公链安全事件17起，占比3%。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Security incidents in the area of block chains in 2020 included mainly 103 DeFi security incidents, 18 per cent; fraud/fishing incidents, 204, 37 per cent; extortion software incidents, 143, 26 per cent; trade platform security incidents, 31, 6 per cent; digital wallet security incidents, 41, 7 per cent; and public chain security incidents, 17, 3 per cent.
2020年区块链安全事件统计
资料来源：区块链之家、智研咨询整理
二、区块链产业发展趋势
& nbsp; & nbsp; II. Trends in the block chain industry
随着全民对大数据、区块链、人工智能产业的了解的加深，使得企业能主动思考利用大数据、区块链、人工智能等思维以及技术寻找变革。传统产业依托原有的产业优势“后来居上”，低调布局区块链技术，传统产业企业与科技型企业同时进入产业区块链赛道。
& nbsp; & nbsp;
我国区块链产业未来发展趋势
资料来源：智研咨询整理
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