比特币钱包的英文是Wallet，这一词有两种含意：它既可以是比特币客户端的的同义词（虽然里有稍微的不一样，“客户端”大量的是指功能性全面的系统桌面客户端，而“钱包”则大量的用作代指轻量的基于浏览器的在线管理服务），还可以是指一个文档，这一文档里边包括了所有者的比特币详细地址以及运用这些地址时所需要的相对性应的私钥。
The term Bitcoin's wallet, in English, is Walter and has two meanings: it can be a synonym for a bitcoin client (although there is a slight difference, “client” means a large number of functionally comprehensive desktop clients, while “false” refers to a large number of online browser-based management services that can be used as a light pointer), and it can also refer to a document that contains the owner's detailed Bitcoin address and the private key to the relative nature required for the application of those addresses.
比特币钱包的种类
type of bitcoin wallet
通常来说,比特币钱包的功能是生成新的比特币地址(账户)、统计账户余额、显示历史交易、签名新的交易(即花费比特币)。比特币钱包分为以下几类。
Typically, the function of the Bitcoin wallet is to generate new bitcoin addresses (accounts), statistical account balances, display historical transactions, and sign new transactions (i.e. to cost bitcoins). Bitcoins wallets are divided into the following categories.
1.PC端钱包
1. PC end wallet
顾名思义,PC端钱包就是运行在 Windows、 Linux或 Macos上的钱包软件,还可以细分为重钱包和轻钱包,轻钱包无需下载区块链,使用比较方便。PC端钱包的私钥通常存储在文件中,不过也有网站和用户联合保管资产的钱包。目前PC端钱包已超过10款,最典型的PC端钱包就是比特币的官方版本——比特币核心钱包( Bitcoin core),这是一款“重”钱包,对于初级用户来说,这款钱包并不是最好用的。
By definition, the PC end wallet is a wallet software running on Windows, Linux or Marcos, which can also be broken down into heavy wallets and light wallets, which do not have to download a block chain, and which is easier to use. The PC end wallet's private key is usually stored in a file, although there are also websites and users jointly holding a wallet of assets. The PC end wallet is now over 10, with the most typical PC end wallet being the official version of Bitcoin — Bitcoin core — which is a “heavy” wallet, which is not the best use for primary users.
2.网页钱包
2. Web wallet
网页钱包即通过网页访间的钱包,有的也提供手机端App。大部分网页钱包实质上是网站代为管理,用户并不掌握私钥,私钥掌握在网站手中,用户靠传统的用户名、密码方式登录和转账。笔者觉得,该类代管钱包和传统中心化银行的差异不大,安全性依赖于网站的信用,不建议大额资金长期存在代管钱包中,如果不得已非要存在网站上,务必要先了解网站资质。
Most of the wallets are essentially managed on behalf of the website, the user does not have the private key, the private key is in the possession of the site, and the users rely on traditional user names, passwords, and transfers. I feel that there is little difference in the type of wallet and traditional centralized banks, that security depends on the credibility of the website, that it is not recommended that large amounts of money remain in the wallet for a long period of time, and that if it is not necessary to have a website, it is important to know the qualifications of the site.
3.手机端钱包
3. Cellular wallets
手机钱包主要有两种:一种
There are two main types of mobile wallets: one.
是网页钱包的客户端,和网页钱包本质一样;另一种是简化版的PC端钱包,私钥存在手机内存里,和PC端钱包中的轻钱包本质一样,只是为了方便携带和使用。
It is the client of the web wallet, which is the same in nature as the web wallet; the other is the simplified version of the PC-end wallet, which has a private key in the memory of the mobile phone, just like the light wallet in the PC-end wallet, for ease of carrying and use.
4.硬件钱包
4. Hardware wallet
硬件钱包是一种类似于U盘的东西,但是只有收发比特币的功能,它并不是真的U盘,私钥存在硬件内部,在花费比特币的时候需要用到它,通常需要客户端软件的支持。但从原理上来说,硬件生产商需要有足够的诚信,我们才能放心使用,假如他们在硬件中留有后门或者私藏私钥,我们的比特币就十分危险了,因此笔者并不推荐采用硬件钱包(然而这话也不绝对,市面上已经出现了很多开源的硬件钱包,甚至有基于树莓派的,因此硬件钱包未必都是危险的)。
Hardware wallets are something similar to a flash drive, but only the function of sending and receiving bitcoins, which is not a real flash drive, which has a private key inside the hardware, which needs to be used when spending bitcoins, usually requires the support of client-based software. But, technically, hardware manufacturers need to have sufficient integrity to be able to use them. If they have a back door or a private key in the hardware, our bitcoins are very dangerous, so I don't recommend hardware wallets (but it's not absolutely true that there are already a lot of open hardware wallets on the market, even those based on raspberry pies, so hardware wallets are not necessarily dangerous).
5.纸钱包
Paper wallets
纸钱包又称为非常规钱包,仅仅是把私钥以二维码或别的形式记录在纸上,使
Paper wallets, also known as non-conventional wallets, merely record private keys in two-dimensional or other forms on paper, so that they can be used in a different way.
用的时候再录入客户端,目前来看比较小众,并不推荐。
The time used to re-enter the client is currently relatively small and not recommended.
6.脑钱包
6. Brain wallet
和纸钱包类似,脑钱包也是非常规钱包,将一句话结合换算公式作为私钥,要求这句话不容易被别人猜到,长度建议30字以上,但要牢记在脑子里,目前来看比较小众,也不推荐。
Similar to paper wallets, which are unconventional wallets, the combination of a sentence with a conversion formula as a private key requires that the phrase is not easy to guess and is above 30 words in length, bearing in mind that at present it is relatively small and unrecommended.
总的来说,笔者推荐其中的2-3种:大额的话放自己保管私钥的PC端钱包或者手机端钱包、并且在使用之前备份好私钥;小额的话放信誉良好的代管网站(交易平台或钱包商)
In general, I recommend two to three of them: a PC-end wallet or a mobile phone-end wallet with a large amount of money and a good back-up of a private key before it is used; and a credible escrow site (trading platform or wallet dealer) with a small amount of money.
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