继比特币中国9月15日发布关停公告后,上周五晚间,火币网、OKcoin币行相继发布公告称,即日起暂停注册、人民币充值业务,同时,将于10月31日前,停止所有虚拟货币交易业务。至此,国内三大虚拟货币交易平台均叫停。
Following a shut-down announcement by Bitcoin China on September 15, last Friday evening, the Democratic People’s Republic of China announced that registration and renminbi charging operations would be suspended as of that date, and that all virtual currency transactions would be suspended by October 31. To that end, all three virtual currency trading platforms in the country would be shut down.
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可以简单回顾下,此次对虚拟货币整顿的过程。
This process of restructuring virtual currency can be briefly recalled.
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9月4日,中国人民银行等七部委联合发布《关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》。公告明确称,“代币发行融资本质上是一种未经批准非法公开融资的行为,涉嫌非法发售代币票券、非法发行证券以及非法集资、金融诈骗、传销等违法犯罪活动”。此前,一些国内比特币交易平台就出现出了一些动向。比如,8月30日,国内ICO(代币发行融资)平台ICOINFO宣布主动暂停一切ICO业务。9月2日,比特币中国在其官网上发布公告称,即日起暂停ICO币充值与交易业务,并于次日下午6点暂停ICO币提币业务。15日,比特币中国正式发布公告称,即日起停止新用户注册,并于9月30日停止所有交易业务。此后,火币网等交易平台也宣布将停止人民币交易业务。
On 4 September, the People's Bank of China and seven other ministries issued a joint bulletin on protection against the risk of financing the issuance of money in currencies. The announcement stated clearly that “money-issuing finance is essentially an unauthorized act of illegal public financing, suspected of illegal sales of coupons, illegal distribution of securities, illegal collection of funds, financial fraud, and distribution of illegal criminal activities.” Earlier, a number of domestic bitco trading platforms had moved. For example, on 30 August, the domestic ICO (money-issuing finance) platform ICOINFO announced its own initiative to suspend all ICO operations. On 2 September, Bitco China announced on its official website that it would suspend the ICO dollar charging and trading operations, and that it would suspend the ICO currency operations at 6 p.m. On 15 p., Bitco’s official announcement announced that it would cease registration of new users and all trading operations on 30 September.
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比特币其实不是“币”
bitcoin's not actually "coin" >
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中央财经大学金融法研究所所长、中国互联网金融创新研究院院长黄震教授表示,比特币虽然有币的叫法,但是实际上不是货币,不是数字货币,只是数字商品,是特殊的数字商品。它没有国家信用在后面背书,是“无根货币”,它的价值很难恒定,也没有根据。华夏信财股权投资管理有限公司董事长李彬介绍了美国是如何看待比特币的。他说,在美国,法律上将比特币定义为一个商品,而非货币。这意味着,对于这个商品你爱花多少钱是你的问题,这是你的自由,但是千万不要把它当成货币。货币是一种信用的象征。
The Director of the Central Financial Research Institute of the University of Finance and the President of the Institute of Financial Innovation of China's Internet Finance Research Institute, Professor Huang m>, stated that >em
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上海社会科学院经济研究所研究员韩汉君表示,在此之前,在各种各样的讨论中,人们对于数字货币内涵的认识是简单化的、不明确的或者是不一致的。现代信用货币,是与国家以及现代经济社会组织形态紧密相连的。一国发行的本位币具有法偿性和强制性,是由国家信用支撑的流通手段,同时也是国家调节经济的重要手段。换句话说,货币在当今社会制度下还必须是主权货币或者法定货币。根据数字货币的内涵,比较比特币等虚拟“货币”的特征来看,比特币其实只能是一种“数字产品”。如果这一数字产品引起投资者关注,其交易会形成一定的规模,具有一定的投融资功能,但那至多也只是“数字资产”,即数字化的金融资产,而不可能成为数字货币。从目前情况看,比特币等数字资产的相关交易极其混乱,许多项目完全没有对应的业务或者资产基础,可以说是一种虚假项目,其目的就是炒作数字资产价格,趁机兑现脱离,获取暴利。这一方面对于参与交易者极不公平,另一方面,也会极大地扰乱金融市场,可能酿成金融风险。以中国人民银行等部门发布《关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》为标志,对数字资产交易领域加强监管,强力抑制交易混乱局面和可能酿成的金融风险,值得赞赏。
In other words, currency must be a sovereign currency or a legal currency under today's social system. According to the characteristics of digital money, a comparison of virtual “currencys” such as bitcoin, bitcoins can only be a “digital product” or asset base. If the product is of interest to investors, their transactions can be of a certain size, with a certain investment finance function, but at best they are “digital assets”, i.e. digital financial assets, and not likely to be digital currencies.
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未来数字货币不能走比特币的“老路”
future digital currencies cannot go the old way of Bitcoin
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比特币从一路高歌猛进,到今日被“毙”,我们应该反思什么?又该从中获取哪些经验教训?
What should we think about, and what lessons should we learn from it?
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黄震表示,我国叫停比特币交易平台,这在全球也引起了极大的反响,比特币的价格已经跌到两万元左右,并继续在浮动。第一个方面,可以看到中国的影响力,毫无疑问这对于全球的冲击是不容置疑的。第二个方面,我国政府对于数字金融以及金融科技的规范力度空前。第三个方面,整个互联网金融从P2P网贷到众筹,再到区块链、数字货币、ICO等一浪接一浪,但依然是鱼龙混杂,对此,需要我们加大规范。黄震表示,互联网不是法外之地,互联网金融同样不是法外之地。让中国的互联网金融能够稳步向前,真正推动中国经济转型,服务于实体经济,控制金融风险,实现绿色金融、普惠金融,政府的监管力度必须要有。
On the second side, our government’s regulation of digital finance and financial technology has been unprecedented. On the third side, Internet finance as a whole, from the P2P network to the crowd, to the chain, the digital currency, the ICO, and so on, is still mixed, and we need to be more regulated. On the first side, it can be seen that China’s influence is not extra-legal, and Internet finance is also not extra-legal. In order for China’s Internet finance to move forward steadily, genuinely promote China’s economic transformation, serve the real economy, manage financial risks, and achieve green finance, inclusive finance, and government regulation must be strong.
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韩汉君认为,比特币交易平台叫停是正确的,但是,这并不是说比特币的开发和发展对于货币发展而言,就没有任何价值。它背后的区块链等相关数字网络技术的发展,包括分布式记账、加密技术、去中心化结算等,从货币发展来看,恰恰是主权货币需要吸收应用的重要技术。我们正处于数字网络时代,互联网、移动互联网甚至物联网已经深刻改变着我们的生产与生活方式,货币数字化是必然趋势。其终极目标很可能是数字货币完全取代有形货币,而这将对一国经济体的金融经济运行产生深刻的影响,值得进行前瞻性的研究。但是,一定要明确的是,真正的数字货币,应是法定货币与这些数字网络技术结合之后的数字化法定货币,而不该再走比特币的“老路”。此外,从投资理财的角度来看,投资者应该选择正规的金融交易资产的投资。其实,正规的投资都是有风险的,更不用说不正规的,甚至带有诈骗性质的。从这个角度来说,此次比特币交易平台叫停也给有关投资者上了一堂教训深刻的投资课。
The development of the digital network technology behind it, including distributional bookkeeping, encryption technology, decentralizing settlements, etc., is precisely what sovereign currencies need to absorb in monetary development. We are in the digital network age, where the Internet, mobile Internet, and even physical networking have profoundly changed our production and way of life, and the digitalization of money is an inevitable trend. The ultimate goal is likely to be the complete replacement of digital money for tangible money, which will have a profound impact on the financial economy of a country’s economy, meriting forward-looking research.
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(栏目主编:王珍,编辑:李小佳,邮箱:shhgcsxh@163.com)
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