以太坊ETH源码分析（1）：地址生成过程

资讯 2024-07-11 阅读:65 评论:0

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通过以太坊命令行客户端geth可以很简单的获得一个以太坊地址，如下：

An Etheria address xff0c; xff1a below;

地址0x8011cf2892985cdc58f447063bc6a089ba89f514 （20字节16进制）就是新生成的以太坊地址。

Address 0x8011cf2892985cdc58f447063bc6a089ba89f514 & #xff08; 20 byte ） is the newly generated ethercom address.

从以太坊源码 https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum 出发，分析地址生成过程
运行命令：geth account new
程序入口在 https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/master/cmd/geth/main.go

Start with <#xff0c > analysis of address generation
running command & #xff1a; geth account new
at https://gethub.com/etheum/go-etheum/blob/master/cm/geth/main.go

账户相关的命令在 https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/master/cmd/geth/accountcmd.go 里，
新建账户命令为new:

Account-related commands at https://github.com/etheum/go-etheum/blob/master/cmd/geth/acaccountcmd.go & #xff0c;
new account commands are new:

关键：new一个新账户的时候，会调用accountCreate：

Key ： new #xff0c; will call acaccount：

由此可见，accountCreate分为三个步骤，其中最关键的为第三步
（1）获取配置
（2）解析用户密码
（3）生成地址

This can be seen in xff0c; acaccountCreate divided into three steps xff0c; , the most critical of which is step 3
（ 1xff09; get configuration
& #xff08; 2xff09; parsing user passwords
& #xff08; 3xff09; generating address

第三步生成地址调用的keystore.StoreKey：
程序位置在 https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/master/accounts/keystore/keystore_passphrase.go

Step 3 generates the call for Keystore. StoreKey：
application location at https://gethub.com/otherium/go-etherium/blob/master/accounts/keystore/keystore_passprase.go

直接调用了storeNewKey 创建新账户
程序位置：https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/master/accounts/keystore/key.go

Direct call to storeNewKey to create a new account
application locationxff1a; https://github.com/otherium/go-etherium/blob/master/accounts/keystore/key.go

可以看到，newKey创建新账户时，
1、由secp256k1曲线生成私钥，是由32字节随机数组成
2、采用椭圆曲线数字签名算法（ECDSA）将私钥映射成公钥，一个私钥只能映射出一个公钥。
3、然后由公钥算出地址并构建一个自定义的Key

xff0c; newKey created a new account xff0c;
1; private key generated by a secp256k1 curve xff0c; 32 by random number
, digital signature algorithm using an elliptical curve xff08; ECDSAff09; private key mapping into a public key xff0c; a private key can only map a public key.
3 and then a public key calculates the address and constructs a custom Key.
3

继续看公钥是怎样算出地址并构建一个自定义的Key

Keep looking at how the public key calculates the address and builds a custom Key.

由公钥算出地址是由crypto.PubkeyToAddress完成的：
代码位置：https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/master/crypto/crypto.go

The addresses calculated by the public key were completed by crypto. PubkeyToAddress & #xff1a;
code location & #xff1a; https://github.com/otherium/go-otherium/blob/ Master/crypto/crypto.go

可以看到公钥（64字节）经过Keccak-256单向散列函数变成了32字节，然后取后20字节作为地址。本质上是从32字节的私钥映射到20字节的公共地址。这意味着一个账户可以有不止一个私钥。

You can see a public key xff08; 64 byte xff09; a single hash function from Keccak-256 becomes a 32 byte xff0c; then the last 20 bytes are taken as an address. The private key map is essentially from 32 bytes to a 20 byte public address. This means that an account can have more than one private key.

以太坊地址的生成过程如下：

The following is the process of generating the address: #xff1a;