三光气-简介
Three Light Gas - Introduction
三光气的性质：
Three light gas properties:
三光气又称固体气，化学名称为双(三氯甲基)碳酸酯，英文名称Bis(triehloromethyl)Carbonate或triphosgene.简称BTC。
Tri-light gas, also known as solid gas, is chemically known as bi-(trichloromethyl)carbonate, and the English name Bis (triehloromethyl) Carbonate or triphosgene.
三光气为白色晶体，类似光气的气味。
It's a white crystal. It smells like light.
三维结构分子式 C3Cl6O3;
3D structural molecular formula C3Cl6O3;
分子量 296.75;
Molecular weight 296.75;
CAS号 32315-10-9;
CAS No. 32315-10-9;
熔点为81一83℃;
(a) The melting point is 81183°C;
沸点为203一206℃;
(a) A boiling point of 203-1206°C;
固体密度为1.759/em3;
Solid density of 1.759/em3;
熔融密度为1.6299/em;
The melting density is 1.6299/em;
稳定性较强，在沸点时仅有少量分解，生成氯甲酸三氯甲酯和光气。
High stability, with only minor decomposition at boiling points, produces trichloromethane and photogas.
溶解性：不溶于水，能溶于乙醚、四氢吠喃(THF)、苯、环己烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、1,2-二氯乙烷、二氯甲烷、乙醇等有机溶剂。
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents such as ether, tetrahydrobarbing (THF), benzene, cyclohexane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane and ethanol.
一分子固体三光气可分解成三分子气体光气，与气体光气相比具有运输，使用安全，计量方便，可实现反滴加反应，反应接近等当量等优点。在工业上仅把它当一般毒性物质处理。在医药、农药、有机化工和高分子合成方面可取代光气或双光气参与反应。
A molecular solid tri-light gas can be decomposed into a three-molecular gas gas, and has the advantage of transport, safety in use, ease of measurement, counter-drop-up, close to equivalents. Industrially only treats it as a general toxic substance. In medicine, pesticides, organics, and high molecular synthesis, it can replace photo-gas or bi-radio-gas participation.
固体光气初始分解温度为130℃，在潮湿的气氛中于90℃开始分解，宜存于干燥、阴凉处，远离火源，并与有机胺等隔开。
Solid light gas with an initial decomposition temperature of 130 °C begins to decompose in a humid atmosphere at 90 °C and is suitable for drying and cooling away from the sources of fire and separated from organochlorine, etc.
它的物理性质在1887年就有报道，但它的晶体结构直到1971年才被报道，它的结构为单晶，其晶参数为a=9.824只10一‘om，b=8.87 X10一‘om，c=11.245xio一‘。m，晶角为尹~ 91.70.
Its physical nature was reported in 1887, but its crystal structure was not reported until 1971. Its structure is single crystal, with crystal parameters a=9.824 for 10 "om, b=8.87 X10I "om, c= 11.245xio I ".m, crystal horns for Yon ~ 91.70.
三光气在常压下蒸馏时伴有少量的分解，生成光气和氯甲酸三氢甲醋。有研究表明有氯离子存在的情况下三光气可以很安全的定量分解为光气[7j，这样就解决了光气在反应过程中不能准确计量的问题。
Three light gases are distilled under constant pressure with a small amount of decomposition, producing photogas and trihydrate acetine. Studies have shown that trilights can safely decomposition to photogens in the presence of chlorine ion[7j], which solves the problem of photogas that cannot be accurately measured during the reaction.
三光气的制备机理：
Three light atmospheres:
到目前为止用碳酸二甲醋(DMC)/抓气抓化法是制备三光气的唯一方法.反应方程式如下：
So far, the only way to prepare three light gases is with carbonate dimethyl acetone (DMC)/creaking. The reaction equations are as follows:
以DMC和氯气为原料，在光、热或引发剂的引发下通过氯化反应合成的，这种氯化反应是一种自由基链式反应，核磁共振研究表明氯化是分步进行的。
The chlorination reaction, which is a free-chain reaction using DMC and chlorine gas as feedstock, is synthesized through chlorination at the origin of a photo, thermal or catalytic agent, and the MRI study shows that chlorination is done in a step-by-step manner.
用途：用于合成氯甲酸酯、异氰酸酯、聚碳酸酯和酰氯等 。
Use: Used for synthetic chloromethylate, isocyanate, polycarbonate and hydrazine, etc.
相关事件?
Related events?
2011年1月6日16:30左右，皖北药业公司实验车间发生三光气泄漏事故，部分工人吸入气体后陆续发生不良反应，并立即到医院救治。
On 6 January 2011, at around 16:30, a three-light gas leak occurred in the laboratory of the company Xuanbei Pharmacy Industries, causing some workers to react negatively after inhaling the gas and immediately reaching the hospital for treatment.
[2]?接报后，市委、市政府立即启动应急预案，组织三家医院进行全力救治，事发企业也立即关闭清理事故现场。市委、市政府成立事故应急处置领导小组，组织开展医疗救治、事故调查等工作。省委、省政府接报后高度重视，省委书记张宝顺批示：“全力抢救中毒人员，查清事故原因，依法处理。”省长王三运批示要求：省卫生厅立即派出得力的专家组赶赴现场实施重病者抢救，省安监部门要迅速查明原因，依法处理。副省长赵树丛、黄海嵩、唐承沛也分别作出重要批示。省卫生厅派出医疗专家组赶到宿州指导救治工作，省经信委、安监局、环保厅也赶赴现场指导工作。
Upon receipt of the report, the Municipal Council and the Municipality immediately launched the emergency plan, organized three hospitals to provide full medical care, and immediately shut down the accident site. The Municipal Council and the Municipality set up the emergency management team to organize medical treatment, accident investigations, etc. The Provincial Council and the Provincial Government attached great importance to the report. The Provincial Council Secretary, Zhang Bao, instructed him to “strengthen the rescue of poisonings, identify the causes of the accident, and deal with it in accordance with the law.” The Governor's 3rd Movement issued a circular requesting that the Provincial Health Office immediately dispatch a competent team of experts to carry out the rescue of seriously ill persons on the scene, and that the Provincial Security Department quickly identify the causes and deal with them in accordance with the law.
7日17时，经环保部门专家对现场进行检测，事故现场三光气含量不超标。
At 1700 hours on 7 July, after being tested by experts from the environmental protection department, the three light gas content at the accident site was not exceeded.
截至7日18时，共收治住院病人71人，其中重症25人，另有29人未确诊留观。
At 1800 hours on 7 July, a total of 71 inpatients were treated, of whom 25 were seriously ill and 29 were undiagnosed.
下一步，我们将积极配合省专家组不惜一切代价全力救治伤员，同时，在省直有关部门指导下开展事故调查工作，查明原因，依法处理。
As a next step, we will actively cooperate with the team of provincial experts in all its efforts to treat the wounded at all costs, while conducting an accident investigation, under the guidance of the relevant provincial departments, to identify the causes and deal with them in accordance with the law.
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