原标题：比特币支付在中国合法吗？时任央行行长周小川“定过调”
Original title: Is Bitcoin paid legally in China? Then Central Bank Governor Zhou Xiaochuan "settled"
目前，比特币使用在世界各地不断涌现，随着“中国首单比特币消费支付”在上海诞生，数字货币支付在国内的合法性受到关注。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Currently, Bitcoin is being used in various parts of the world, and with the birth of China's first single bitcoin consumer payment in Shanghai, the domestic legality of digital currency payments has been raised.
实际上，对于数字货币和ICO监管，在十三届全国人大一次会议新闻中心记者会上，时任央行行长周小川用这样几句话表露了态度。“监管是动态的、有待观察，强调要服务实体经济，给零售市场和消费者带来高效率、低成本、安全、隐私保护，另外要考虑大局，不要跟现行金融秩序相冲突。”
& nbsp; In fact, in the case of digital money and ICO regulation, the then Governor of the Central Bank, Zhou Xiaochuan, expressed his attitude in these words at the 13th National People's Congress press conference. “Regulation is dynamic and to be observed, emphasizing the need to serve the real economy and to provide efficient, low-cost, safe, privacy protection for retail markets and consumers, and to take into account the big picture and not to clash with the current financial order.”
国内惊现首单刷比特币购物
& nbsp; & nbsp; Domestic First Billing Bitcoin Shopping
5月22日，由区块链综合门户《共享财经》举办的“比特币披萨日”在上海举行。当日下午6点50分，一位赵姓客户用0.00244337比特币购买了一个16寸价值129元的全肉披萨，此举标志着中国首单比特币消费支付在上海诞生。
& nbsp; & nbsp; May 22, a Bitcoin Pizza Day organized by the Block Chain Portal "Sharing the Economy" was held in Shanghai. At 6.50 p.m. that same day, a Zhao client purchased a 16 inch full meat pizza worth 129 bitcoin, marking the birth of China's first single bitcoin consumption payment in Shanghai.
据了解，在顾客的体验过程中，比特币的支付与使用微信、支付宝的扫码支付过程差不多：店员在终端设备中输入商品价格后即会生成一个二维码，顾客使用相应的比特币钱包应用扫描之后，即可完成支付。
& nbsp; & nbsp; It is understood that in the course of the customer's experience, Bitcoin is paid in the same way as in the use of micro-mails and scavengers: shopkeepers enter commodity prices in the terminal equipment and generate a two-dimensional code, and customers use the corresponding bitcoin wallet to scan them.
与国内初尝比特币支付不同，比特币目前已经作为不少日本商家支付的可选项之一。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Unlike the domestic taste of bitcoin payments, bitcoin is now one of the options available to a number of Japanese traders.
根据多家媒体的报道，目前，包括家电连锁商场BigCamera、丸井（Marui）ANNEX百货等在内的多家日本公司，都已经开始支持使用比特币付款了。比如说丸井ANNEX百货，一次最多可以支付10万日元（约合人民币6000元）的等值比特币，活动期间一次消费3000日元以上，还可以参与抽奖，奖品依然包括比特币。
& nbsp; According to several media reports, several Japanese companies, including BigCamera, Marui's ANNEX department stores, have now started to support the use of bitcoin. For example, Marui's ANNEX department stores can pay up to 100,000 yen (approximately 6,000 yuan) equivalent in bitcoins at a time, consume more than 3,000 yen at a time during the event, and can also participate in drawing prizes, which still include bitcoins.
事实上，越来越多的日本商家开始支持使用比特币来支付。通过把比特币交易过程“简化”，Bitflyer这样的比特币技术供应商吸引了更多的商家和用户“尝鲜”。如日本乐桃航空（PeachAviation）也从2017年5月开始接受使用比特币来支付机票款。
& nbsp; & nbsp; In fact, a growing number of Japanese merchants have started to support the use of bitcoin for payment. By “simplifying” the bitcoin process, bitflyer, a bitcoin technology supplier, has attracted more traders and users to “shows.” For example, Japan PeachAviation has accepted the use of bitcoin to pay for airline tickets since May 2017.
目前，比特币的使用案例在世界各地不断涌现，在南非，从咖啡贩卖车到零售商店，到处可见“接受比特币”的标志。
& nbsp; & nbsp; There are now cases of usage of Bitcoin in various parts of the world, and in South Africa, the sign of “acceptance of bitcoin” can be seen everywhere, from coffee-sale cars to retail stores.
而使用比特币购买房产，在美国、英国都已经成为现实，这使得比特币得到广泛接受又进了一步。据悉，此类交易主要为购买新建的定制住宅而设，全部购买价格均通过比特币转账给卖方/建筑商。然后，卖方再将该数字货币兑换成美元。
& nbsp; & nbsp; while the use of bitcoin to purchase property has become a reality in the United States and the United Kingdom, which has led to widespread acceptance of bitcoin as a further step. It is known that such transactions are mainly for the purchase of new custom-built dwellings, all of which are transferred through bitcoin to the seller/builder. The seller then converts the digital currency into United States dollars.
使用比特币支付在国内合法吗
& nbsp; & nbsp; Payment in Bitcoin is domestic legal
《共享财经》了解到，国外的商家和用户开始使用比特币作为支付工具，与其比特币交易的合法化密不可分。
& nbsp; & nbsp; The Economy of Sharing is aware that foreign businesses and users are beginning to use bitcoin as a means of payment, which is inextricably linked to the legalization of their bitcoin transactions.
以日本为例，2017年3月，日本内阁会议通过了《关于虚拟货币交换业者的内阁府令》，宣布将从4月1日开始，正式承认比特币作为法定支付方式的地位。从7月开始，在日本兑换比特币将不再征收8%的消费税，相比之下，外国人在日本兑换日元时，反而还会被收取约3%的交易费。政府的大力支持，直接推动了比特币在日本的推广和发展。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Take Japan, for example, in March 2017, the Cabinet Decree on Virtual Currency Exchangers was adopted by the Cabinet of Ministers, which announced that Bitcoin would be officially recognized as a statutory payment method starting on 1 April. From July, the Japanese exchange of bitcoin would no longer be subject to a consumption tax of 8%, compared to the foreign exchange fee of about 3% when the Japanese yen was exchanged. The government’s strong support has directly contributed to Bitcoin’s promotion and development in Japan.
与海外市场热捧比特币交易大相径庭的是，针对ICO乱象，中国监管者去年宣布全面封杀ICO、和关停比特币交易平台。关于比特币等数字货币究竟是货币、还是投机，引发了广泛讨论。
& nbsp; & nbsp; In contrast to the popularity of bitcoin transactions in overseas markets, Chinese regulators announced last year the total closure of the ICO and the closure of the Bitcoin trading platform in response to the ICO scandal. There was extensive discussion as to whether bitcoins and other digital currencies are money or speculation.
根据去年9月央行等七部委发布的相关文件，要求各类代币发行融资活动应当立即停止，同时任何组织和个人不得非法从事代币发行融资活动。文件称：“代币发行融资中使用的代币或“虚拟货币”不由货币当局发行，不具有法偿性与强制性等货币属性，不具有与货币等同的法律地位，不能也不应作为货币在市场上流通使用。”
& nbsp; According to the relevant documents issued by seven ministries, including the Central Bank, in September last year, the financing of various forms of money issuance should cease immediately, while no organization or individual may illegally engage in the financing of money issuance. The document states: “The currency or “virtual currency” used in the financing of money issuance is not issued by the monetary authority, is not of a monetary nature, is not of a legal nature, is not of a monetary nature, is not of a legal nature, is not of a monetary equivalent, and cannot and should not be used as a currency in the market.”
这是否意味着使用比特币支付在国内是不合法的？《共享财经》注意到，对此，监管的态度并不是一刀切的。
& nbsp; & nbsp; Does this mean that payment in bitcoin is unlawful in the country? The Economy of Sharing notes that the regulatory attitude is not one-size-fits-all.
对于数字货币和ICO监管，在十三届全国人大一次会议新闻中心记者会上，时任央行行长周小川用这样几句话表露了态度：“监管是动态的，说不上未来一定有某种确定的监管政策。总体上应取决于技术的承受程度和局部的测试结果。比特币和分叉币出现太快，不够慎重，迅速蔓延会造成负面影响，不慎重的产品可以停一停，有前途的产品经过测试认证再推广。”
& nbsp; & nbsp; For digital money and ICO regulation, at the 13th National People's Congress press conference, the then Governor of the Central Bank, Zhou Xiaochuan, expressed his attitude in a few words: “Regulation is dynamic, and there must be some kind of definite regulatory policy in the future. Overall, it should depend on the affordability of technology and the results of local tests. Bitcoin and forkcoins appear too fast, not too careful, and rapid spread can have a negative impact, imprudent products can be stopped and promising products tested and certified for replication.”
在周小川看来，数字货币有技术上的必然性，但要注意整体金融稳定，防范风险，同时保护消费者。要进行测试才推广，避免出问题时消费者承受损失。《共享财经》以为，对于使用数字货币支付，监管对此的核心归根结底在这两个字：慎重！
& nbsp; & nbsp; In Zhou Xiaochuan's view, digital money is technically necessary, but care must be taken for overall financial stability, risk protection, and consumer protection. It must be tested to promote it and avoid consumer loss when it comes to problems.
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