早年间，大众所熟知的虚拟货币大多局限于游戏内的Q币、点券等，它们主要局限于游戏内部流通，若想兑换为实物货币则需赋予其额外的实际价值。然而，随着生活水平提高，人们投资需求日益多元化，不仅限于虚拟世界。于是，银行和证券交易所纷纷推出各类金融产品以满足市场需求。在此背景下，某些虚拟货币因其高价值、广泛应用及升值潜力大而受到众多投资者的关注，但同时也隐藏着诸多风险。
In the early years, most of the virtual currencies known to the public were limited to the Q-dollars, coupons, etc. in the game, which were largely limited to internal circulation, but which required additional real value if they were to be converted into real currency. However, as living standards improved, people’s investment needs became increasingly diversified, not limited to the virtual world.
不同于普通游戏内的虚拟货币，这类具有高价值和多样现实用途的虚拟货币更容易吸引不法分子觊觎。北京的小张便亲身经历了一场虚拟货币诈骗骗局。去年冬季，小张持有闲散资金，计划购买金融产品期待增值，他看中了当时备受追捧的某虚拟货币。在持有期间，确实有所增值，增强了他对进一步投资的信心。此时，一位大型金融机构的业务主管以交流炒币经验为名接近他，透露自己同时运营一个涉及该虚拟货币与其他货币交换的项目，并声称与国内知名地产商深度合作，发行此类虚拟货币旨在通过这种方式进行更广泛的投资，并用地皮作为交易与价值保障。
Unlike virtual money in a common game, this type of virtual currency, which has high value and diverse practical uses, is more likely to attract the wrong-minded. Beijing’s little Chang has experienced a virtual currency fraud on his own. Last winter, he held idle money and planned to purchase financial products in anticipation of value-added.
小张被对方提及的丰厚回报和地产行业利润所吸引，欣然接受了合作邀请。最初几个月看似顺利，但今年三月起，地产商失联，随后连签署合同的高管也无法取得联系。调查后发现，所谓的地皮并不归地产商所有，仅是租给他用于短期项目运作，如今租赁期已满。投资者们意识到自己受骗，遂向公安报案。尽管嫌疑人已被通缉，但由于无法直接联系，投资者们的资金仍在追索中。
Little Zhang, attracted by the rich returns and profits of the real estate industry mentioned by the other side, accepted the invitation to cooperate. The first few months seemed to have been smooth, but since March of this year, property dealers had lost contact with the executives who signed the contract. The investigation found that the so-called land was not owned by the landlord, but was leased to him for short-term projects, and the lease period was now over.
此案例揭示了一种常见的虚拟货币诈骗手法——犯罪分子利用投资者的贪婪心理，虚构土地投资项目并承诺高额回报，进而诱使投资者用虚拟货币换取诈骗者手中的虚拟货币，从而达到诈骗目的。
This case reveals a common form of virtual currency fraud — criminal exploitation of investors' greed, fictional land investment projects and promises of high returns, which in turn induce investors to trade virtual money for virtual currency in the hands of fraudsters, thus achieving fraudulent ends.
法律空白与防范意识鉴于多数国内投资者对虚拟货币交易的理解尚停留在表面，对相关法律法规及交易本质认知不足，这就给犯罪分子提供了可乘之机。虽然针对此类诈骗行为，《刑法》已有明确规定（参见下文引用），但对于虚拟货币交易本身，我国暂未出台专门的法律法规加以规范，导致受害人难以寻求法律救济。
Since most domestic investors’ understanding of virtual currency transactions remains superficial, and there is a lack of awareness of the laws and regulations and the nature of the transactions, this provides an opportunity for criminals to take advantage of them. While the Penal Code is well established in response to such frauds (see below), the virtual currency transactions themselves are not regulated by specific laws and regulations, making it difficult for victims to seek legal redress.
《刑法》
Criminal Code
第二百六十六条 诈骗公私财物……
Article 266. Fraud on public and private property.
《最高人民法院最高人民检察院关于办理诈骗刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》
Interpretation by the Supreme People's Procuratorate of the Supreme People's Court of Certain Questions Concerning the Specific Application of the Law in Criminal Cases of Fraud
第一条……
Article 1...
根据上述法条，诈骗案量刑依据涉案金额大小，受害者应以被骗虚拟货币实际价值向司法机关报案。尽管如此，由于虚拟财产的特殊性质，追查诈骗财产面临一定困难，需要时间核查。
According to the above-mentioned Act, the penalty for fraud is based on the amount of money involved, and the victim must report the actual value of the counterfeit currency to the judicial authorities.
投资警示鉴于这一情况，我们必须警示广大投资者，在投资任何项目之前务必深入了解并审慎评估。尤其面对虚拟货币交易，因其尚处于法律监管模糊地带，容易遭受不良企图者的欺诈。因此，请务必保持冷静头脑，切勿轻率将财产投入未经充分核实的项目中。
Given this situation, we must warn a wide range of investors of the need to be thoroughly informed and carefully assessed before investing in any project. In particular, in the face of virtual currency transactions, which are still in a state of legal ambiguity, they are vulnerable to fraudulent attempts.
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