区块链技术被认为是互联网发明以来最具颠覆性的技术创新，它依靠密码学和数学巧妙的分布式算法，在无法建立信任关系的互联网上，无需借助任何第三方中心的介入就可以使参与者达成共识，以极低的成本解决了信任与价值的可靠传递难题。
Block chain technology is considered to be the most disruptive technological innovation since the Internet was invented, relying on cryptography and mathematically sophisticated distribution algorithms. On the Internet, where confidence-building is not possible, consensus can be achieved without the involvement of any third-party centre, resolving the challenge of reliable transmission of trust and value at very low cost.
比特币点对点网络将所有的交易历史都储存在“区块链”中。区块链在持续延长，而且新区块一旦加入到区块链中，就不会再被移走。区块链实际上是一群分散的用户端节点，并由所有参与者组成的分布式数据库，是对所有比特币交易历史的记录。比特币的交易数据被打包到一个“数据块”或 “区块”(block)中后，交易就算初步确认了。当区块链接到前一个区块之后，交易会得到进一步的确认。在连续得到6个区块确认之后，这笔交易基本上就不可逆转地得到确认了。
The Bitcoin point-to-point network stores all the history of transactions in the “block chain”. The block chain is continuously extended, and once new blocks are added to the block chain, they are not removed. The block chain is actually a decentralized user endpoint and a distributed database of all participants is a record of the history of all bitcoin transactions. When bitcoin transactions are packaged into a “data block” or “block” (block), the transaction is initially confirmed. When blocks are linked to the previous block, the transaction is further confirmed. After six consecutive blocks are confirmed, the transaction is essentially irreversibly confirmed.
区块链在网络上是公开的，可以在每一个离线比特币钱包数据中查询。轻量级比特币钱包使用在线确认，即不会下载区块链数据到设备存储中。
Block chains are publicly available on the network and can be consulted in every offline bitcoin wallet data. Lightweight bitcoins wallets are confirmed online, i.e. block chains data are not downloaded into device storage.
数字货币容易被传统金融机构视做一种新的货币，但实际上其底层技术的意义和价值远远大于其货币属性。以比特币为例，一般意义上它被当作一种点对点形式的数字货币，但从技术层面来说，它实际上是一个点对点的去中心化网络平台，这样一个网络平台依托的正是区块链技术。数字货币是依靠区块链技术搭建的全球点对点网络平台。以比特币为代表的，区块链在数字货币领域的应用，也被称为Blockchain 1.0。
Digital money can easily be seen as a new currency by traditional financial institutions, but in fact the meaning and value of the technology at the bottom far outweighs its monetary attributes. In the case of bitcoin, it is generally treated as a digital currency in the form of point-to-point, but at the technical level, it is actually a point-to-point decentralized network platform, based on block-to-point technology. Digital money is a global point-to-point network platform, based on block-chain technology.
区块链的起源
The origin of the block chain at
若要解释何谓区块、区块链，还得从1982年提出的拜占庭将军问题说起。
To explain what is meant by blocks and blocks chain, it would also have to start with the 1982 Byzantine General question.
拜占庭位于如今的土耳其的伊斯坦布尔，是东罗马帝国的首都。由于当时东罗马帝国国土辽阔，为了防御目的，因此每个军队都分隔很远，将军与将军之间只能靠信差传递消息。 在战争的时候，拜占庭军队内所有将军和副官必需达成一致的共识，决定是否有赢的机会才去攻打敌人的阵营。但是，在军队内有可能存有叛徒和敌军的间谍，左右将军们的决定又扰乱整体军队的秩序。在进行共识时，结果并不代表大多数人的意见。这时候，在已知有成员谋反的情况下，其余忠诚的将军在不受叛徒的影响下如何达成一致的协议，拜占庭问题就此形成。
Byzantine’s Istanbul, which is now Turkey, is the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. Because of the size of the Eastern Roman Empire at the time, each army was divided for defensive purposes, and the generals and generals could only pass information by couriers.
拜占庭将军问题实际是对网络世界容许入侵体系的模型化。
The issue of General Byzantine is actually a model of the networked world's permissible intrusion system.
拜占庭的忠实将军们要在叛徒存在且不抓出叛徒的情况下，使其决策形成一致。对应到通信世界中，人们要在容许一些捣乱或失效协议存在的情况下，解决问题。后来，人们发现，区块和区块链可以解决拜占庭将军问题。
The loyal generals of Byzantine want to align their decisions when the traitor exists and does not arrest the traitor. In the world of communications, one has to solve the problem by allowing for the existence of disruptive or failed agreements. Later, it has been discovered that blocks and block chains can solve the problem of Byzantine General Byzantine.
区块链起源于比特币，标志着上轮金融危机起点的雷曼兄弟倒闭后两周，2008年11月1日，一位自称中本聪(Satoshi Nakamoto)的人发表了《比特币:一种点对点的电子现金系统》一文，阐述了基于P2P网络技术、加密技术、时间戳技术、区块链技术等的电子现金系统的构架理念，这标志着比特币的诞生。两个月后理论步入实践，2009年1月3日第一个序号为0的比特币创世区块诞生。几天后2009年1月9日出现序号为1的区块，并与序号为0的创世区块相连接形成了链，标志着区块链的诞生。
The block chain originated in Bitcoin, two weeks after the collapse of the Lehman Brothers, which marked the beginning of the last financial crisis. On 1 November 2008, a person claiming to be Satoshi Nakamoto published a text entitled " Bitcoin: an electronic cash system with a point-to-point ", setting out the concept of an electronic cash system based on P2P network technology, encryption technology, time-stamp technology, block-chain technology, etc., which marked the birth of Bitcoin. Two months later, the theoretical step was taken, with the birth of the first serial number 0 in January 2009.
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