1、元宇宙概念是什么意思?
What does the concept of the meta-cosmos mean by 1?
当前学术界对元宇宙并没有进行统一定义。我们认为，元宇宙是一个不断演进、多元解读的概念。元宇宙是人使用数字人的身份参与、生活到虚拟世界当中。元宇宙是现实生活的延伸与补充、赋予活力，而非与现实世界完全平行。通过技术突破物理空间的界限，元宇宙能够实现线上线下、现实生活和数字世界全面无缝链接、有机耦合，达到弥补现实不足、生活娱乐极致健康体验、社会效率提升。除此之外，基于各国政治环境及平台差异，我们倾向认为良性健康的元宇宙(区别于极致理想形态下的元宇宙)是一个有限开放的生态 (开放与封闭体系共存)，虽然基于区块链技术搭建经济体系，但允许存在部分中心化形态。在元宇宙中，每个用户可有多个数字身份 (区别于数字账号，不可被元宇宙公司销毁)，同时可自由生产、编辑、参与和创造虚拟世界，进行数字资产消费循环。
In our view, the meta-cosmos is a concept that evolves and is interpreted in many ways. The meta-cosm is a concept that uses to participate and live in the virtual world. The meta-cosmos is an extension and complement of real life, rather than a complete parallel to the real world. The meta-cosmos is a limited-open ecology (exploitation and closure system) based on technological breakthroughs, full-scale seamless connectivity, organic coupling of the real-life and digital world, making it possible to make up for the lack of reality, a healthy life and recreation experience, and an increase in social efficiency.
另外，不同的公司对元宇宙有着不同的定义。
Also, different companies have different definitions of metacosystems.
Meta的Mark Zuckerberg认为，元宇宙是下一个科技前沿领域，是移动互联网的升级版，是融合虚拟现实技术，用专属的硬件设备打造一个具有超强沉浸感的社交平台。
According to Mark Zuckerberg of Meta, the meta-cosmos is the next technological frontier, an upgraded version of the mobile Internet that integrates virtual reality technology , building a social platform with super-intense socialization with exclusive hardware equipment.
Roblox公司的Dave Baszucki认为，元宇宙是持久的，共享的3D虚空间，人们在元宇宙拥有自己的虚拟身份的形象，可以进行娱乐、工作和创造。未来的元宇宙应该是由用户所创造的，Roblox公司则是工具、技术和平台的提供者。
Dave Baszucki of Roblox argues that the metacosystem is durable, shared 3D spaces, where people have their own image of virtual identity and can entertain, work, and create. The future metacosystem should be created by users, and Roblox is a provider of tools, technology and platforms.
微软的Satya Nadella认为，随着虚拟世界和物理世界的融合，由数字孪生、仿真环境和混合现实组成的元宇宙正在成为人类的应用画布。
According to Satya Nadella of Microsoft, with the integration of the virtual and physical worlds, a meta-cosm consisting of digital combs , imitated environments and mixed realities are becoming applied canvass for humankind.
英伟达的黄仁勋认为，随着科技不断发展，虚拟世界与现实世界将产生交叉融合，现在正是元宇宙世界的风口浪尖，而NFT也将在其中扮演主要角色。
According to Heung In-hoon, as technology continues to evolve, the virtual world and the real world will converge and are now the tip of the mouth of the Won-Cosmos world, in which NFT will also play a major role.
Epic Games的Tim Sweeney认为，元宇宙将是一场前所未有的大规模参与的实时3D媒介，带有公平的经济系统，所有创作者可以参与、赚钱并获得奖励。
According to Tim Sweeney of Epic Gomes, the meta-cosmos will be a real-time 3D medium with unprecedented large-scale participation, with equitable economic systems in which all creators can participate, make money and be rewarded.
腾讯马化腾认为，移动互联网十年发展，即将迎来下一波升级，我们称之为全真互联网。虚拟世界和真实世界的大门已经打开，无论是从虚到实，还是由实入虚，都在致力于帮助用户实现更真实的体验。
Ten years of mobile Internet development, as we call it, is about to escalate. The door to virtual and real worlds has been opened, from the point of view, to the point of view, to help users to have a more real experience.
华为胡厚崑认为元宇宙代表了人类社会对于虚拟与现实进一步融合的一种期待和向往。在这种高沉浸度、低时延的数字世界里，我们要更大程度地去还原，并且去构建一种超越物理世界的体验，这是一个充满想象力的方向。但同时，也对我们当前的网络技术、计算技术等等，提出了更高的要求。
China believes that the meta-cosmos represents one of the expectations and aspirations of human society for further convergence between virtual and reality. In this digital world of high soaking, low-time delay, we need to restore it to a greater extent, and to build an experience beyond the physical world, which is an imaginative direction.
2、元宇宙核心要素有哪些?
What are the core elements of the meta-cosmos?
元宇宙起于游戏，但不止于游戏。游戏满足了部分沉浸式体验(元宇宙要素之一)，但要提供一个去中心化的、不依赖于现实身份的、能够实现经济交换的元宇宙，我们还需要身份系统和价值系统两大核心要素。元宇宙的身份系统主要对应区块链产业，如基于区块链技术的NFTs头像、数字钱包等。元宇宙的价值系统对应数字内容创意类产业，如数字艺术品、元宇宙房地产等。沉浸式体验对应消费硬件产业，包括智能眼镜、VR头显、电子皮肤、脑机接口等。区块链、数字内容创意和消费硬件，是观察元宇宙未来能否实验的三个有效抓手。
The meta-cosm begins in games, but not only in games. The game meets part of the immersion experience (one of the meta-cosmos elements), but in order to provide a decentralised meta-cosm, which is not dependent on real identities and allows for economic exchange, we also need two core elements of identity systems and value systems. The meta-cosm identity system is mainly related to the NFTs heads, digital wallets, etc. The meta-cosm value system corresponds to the digital content creative industries, such as digital art, meta-cosm real estate, etc.
3、元宇宙的特征
3, features of the meta-cosmos
Roblox的CEO认为元宇宙有八大关键特征，分别是身份、社交、沉浸式体验、低延时、多样性、随时随地、经济体系、文明。
The CEO of Roblox considers the meta-cosmos to have eight key features: identity, socialization, immersion experience, time lag, diversity, locality, economic system, and civilization.
身份：平台允许用户创建和个性化他们独特的3D身份。
Identity: The platform allows users to create and personalize their unique 3D status.
社交关系：用户在平台可以通过各种方式进行连接，包括检测附近的玩家，或在虚拟场景见面。
Social relations: Users can connect to the platform in a variety of ways, including testing nearby players or meeting in virtual settings.
沉浸式体验：平台允许开发人员构建深度沉浸式3D环境，用户可在其中与他人共享同步体验。
immersion experience: The platform allows developers to construct deep immersion 3D environments in which users can share simultaneous experiences with others.
低延迟：能够在无人数限制环境下通过网络与其他用户实现实时互动，无延迟感知。
Low delay: it is possible to interact in real time with other users through the network in an open-ended environment without delayed perception.
内容多样：开发者和创作者为元宇宙构建了大量差异化、丰富的内容。
Diversity: Developers and creators build vastly diverse and rich content for the meta-cosmos.
随地：平台服务于全球受众，且满足用户可以随时随地进入。
On-site: The Platform serves a global audience and is accessible to users at all times and at all times.
经济：拥有独立稳健的数字货币和经济体系，支撑交易、消费、生产。
Economy: Independent and robust digital currency and economic system supporting transactions, consumption, production.
文明：元宇宙最终拥有数字文明，以及符合人类发展的社会形态和人文精神。
Civilization: In the end, the meta-cosmos has a digital civilization, as well as a social pattern and a human spirit consistent with human development.
4、元宇宙技术(六大核心技术)
4, metaspace technology (six core technologies)
人工智能(AI)、交互技术(AR/VR/MR)、区块链、网络及运算技术、物联网(IoT)、游戏是构成元宇宙的六大核心技术。
AI为元宇宙提供基础设施建设、数据分析与学习、海量内容生产;交互技术提供沉浸式体验与虚拟世界镜像，帮助实现虚实互通、感知交流;区块链为用户提供底层数据的追溯性和保密性，支撑经济体系的构建和完善;网络及运算技术提供算力及流畅、低延迟的网络环境;物联网为万物链接、虚实共生提供技术支持。游戏为元宇宙提供创作、社交、内容等应用场景，包括引擎、3D建模、渲染等技术。目前这些底层技术仍在发展早期。
AI provides infrastructure development, data analysis and learning, sea content production for metacosystems; interactive technologies provide immersion experiences and virtual world mirrors that help to achieve virtual interoperability, perception communication; block chains provide users with back-to-back and confidentiality of bottom data to support the construction and refinement of economic systems; networks and computing technologies provide arithmetic and fluid, low-delayed network environments; and networking provides technical support for all-encompassing links, virtual symbiosis. The game provides applications for metacosystems, including engines, 3D modelling, etc.
元宇宙六大核心技术
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