2021年的5月19日，是注定要记录在虚拟货币圈历史上的一日。在昨日的24小时之内，几乎我们所有能够叫出名字的虚拟货币全部暴跌。其原因，是公认的虚拟货币之王“比特币”一度大跌到33%。因此激起了一连串的连锁反应：狗狗币狂跌55%、SHIB狂跌58%。波卡DOT狂跌57%……
May 19, 2021, is a day destined to be recorded in the history of the virtual currency circle. In 24 hours yesterday, almost all of our virtual currencies that can name their names fell. The reason for this is that the recognized king of the virtual currency, Bitcoin, fell to 33% at one time. This triggered a series of chain reactions: dog coins fell by 55% and SHIB by 58%. Boca Dot fell by 57%.
整个加密货币的交易市场都是惨不忍睹，根据最新数据。光是昨日的24小时，全网就爆仓了62.8亿美元，约合人民币404亿元，爆仓的人数达到了51万人。可即便如此，比特币的价格依旧维持在了三万美元左右。看起来是跌了许多的样子，但真正亏的是那一拨韭菜。
Even so, the price of Bitcoin is still around $30,000. It looks like it's going down a lot, but the real loss is the pickle.
真正从一开始就看中比特币这支股并买进的人们，依旧还是赚得盆满钵满。要知道，在十年前比特币的概念刚刚出来的时候，价格仅仅才几美分一个呢。短短十年的时间，比特币的价格暴涨了几十万倍，可以说比房地产还要暴利，创造了许多的富豪。
The people who actually saw Bitcoin buy it and bought it from the start still make a lot of money. You know, 10 years ago, when the concept of Bitcoin came out, the price was only a few cents. In a decade, Bitcoin’s price skyrocketed hundreds of thousands of times, so it could be said that it was more profitable than real estate and created a lot of rich people.
特别是去年在疫情这样的大环境下，大量的资本都干脆地抛弃了黄金，痛快地涌入了比特币的市场。但即便如此，我相信还是有许多人，依旧还是弄不清楚比特币到底是个什么东西。那么今天，我们就用最为简便的方法，来给大家聊聊比特币。
Even so, I believe there are many people who still do not know what bitcoin is. So, today, we use the easiest way to talk about bitcoin.
一、比特币是什么
What's a bitcoin?
我们中国人现在出门吃喝玩乐都已经不需要现金了，究其原因是因为我们有支付宝以及微信这样的工具，将我们的货币数字化了。但是这样的数字化，是在于我们有真实的现金做背书的情况下，大家才会使用。
We Chinese don't need cash anymore because we have payment treasures and micro-credit tools to digitize our money. But such digitization is only when we have real cash to endorse.
而比特币，实际上就是一种类似于支付宝这样的数字货币。只不过它是一种全球化的加密数字货币，不像是人民币一样能够看到实物，是一种仅仅存在于互联网上的数字货币。其中的支付流程和操作流程，其实也都和支付宝差不多，没有什么很大的区别。
Bitcoin, on the other hand, is actually a digital currency similar to a payment treasure. It is just a global, encrypted digital currency, unlike the renminbi, which can be seen in kind, and a digital currency that exists only on the Internet.
不过本质上来看，二者最大的区别其实其实就是“中心化”和“去中心化”。支付宝或者微信实际上是有一个中央管理者在后面给大家做信任背书的，就像是人民币的发行是因为有一个人民都信任的央行在后面管理一样。所以大家才会都信任这个货币的流通。
But in essence, the difference between the two is actually “centralized” and “decentralized.” Payment treasures or micro-credits are actually endorsed by a central administrator behind you, as if the renminbi were issued because a central bank that people trust is managed behind it. That is why everyone believes in the currency’s circulation.
但比特币的核心思想就是“去中心化”，在比特币的后面，是没有任何像是银行或者政府在后面做信任背书的。这样的“去中心化”属性最直接的体现就是他不需要依赖任何单一的机构就可以让人们实现自由的转账。
But the central idea of Bitcoin is “decentralization”, and behind Bitcoin there is nothing like a bank or a government endorsement of trust behind it. The most direct manifestation of this “decentralization” attribute is that he does not need to rely on any single institution to make people free to transfer money.
这样的一个特殊属性，无疑是可以吸引到许多的别有用心之人，以及投机者进入这个市场。比如投资机构、投机者、产业链玩家以及黑市交易者这样的群体，绝对是比特币最大的受益者。
Such a special attribute would undoubtedly attract many ulterior motives, as well as speculators into the market. Groups such as investment agencies, speculators, industry chain players, and black market traders are definitely the biggest beneficiaries of Bitcoin.
二、比特币是怎么来的
以上的介绍虽说不一定严谨，但大致也将比特币的属性以及流通的原因给说了个大概。那么现在就只剩下了最后一个问题，那就是“比特币是怎么来的”？而一旦说起这个问题，就不得不提神秘的“中本聪”了。
The above presentation, though not necessarily strict, gives a general overview of the bitcoin attributes and the reasons for the circulation. So there is only one question left: “How did the bitcoins come?” And when it comes to that question, the mysterious “medium-breeding” has to be mentioned.
2008年的全球金融危机想必大家还都有点印象，整个金融市场对于政府以及银行的信任开始直线下降。而这时候，一个名为“中本聪(Satoshi Nakamoto)”的网友在一个隐秘的密码学论坛上发布了一个研究报告（白皮书）。
The global financial crisis of 2008 must still be a little under the impression that trust in government and banks across the financial markets has begun to decline sharply. At this point, an online friend called Satosh Nakamoto published a study (white paper) at a hidden cryptography forum.
而这篇报告，阐述就是他对一种新的电子货币的构想。其中提出了大家更需要一种全新的，独立的货币体系租偶倒去中心化。于是，比特币就在这样一个特殊的情况下诞生了。他解决了不需要任何第三方担保就能够实现点对点传递的货币交易难题。
And this report describes his vision of a new electronic currency. It raises the need for a brand-new, independent monetary system rent-a-perpetrator to be de-centralized. So, Bitcoin was born in such a special situation. He solves the problem of currency transactions where no third-party security is required to deliver a point-to-point transmission.
但至今为止，都没有人知道真正的“中本聪”到底是谁。我们能够知道的信息就是，他是一位十分资深的密码学极客。因为他发布的任何信息，以及和网络上的任何人交流都是经过了加密处理了。
But so far, no one knows who the real "middle-breathing" is. The message we can learn is that he is a very senior cryptographer. Any information he publishes, and any communication with anyone on the Internet has been encrypted.
所有网络上能够找到的关于他的信息，都是他自己刻意留下的。比如说他留下了自己的生日是1975年的4月5日，还自称自己是一名日本的男性。但是他在网络上却从来没有用自己的名字说过日文，使用的文字大多是英文。但却是美式英语和英式英语交替使用，所以很多人怀疑，他可能根本就不是日本人。
He left all the information he could find on the Internet. For example, he left his birthday on April 5, 1975, claiming that he was a Japanese man. But he never spoke Japanese in his own name on the Internet, mostly in English. But it was used interchangeably in American and English, so many suspected that he might not be Japanese at all.
小结
summing up
比特币的出现到现在为止已经出现了十多年的时间，而在这十多年里，有无数的消息都声称自己找到了中本聪。但无一意外，那些消息都是假的，根本就经不起推敲。甚至更为搞笑的是，几个大的搜索引擎下关于“中本聪”的百科竟然出现了好几个不同的人。
Bitcoin has been in existence for more than a decade now, and for more than a decade, countless stories have claimed to have found it. But, by no surprise, those messages are false, and they can't stand to be pushed. Even more funny, there are several different people in the encyclopedia of "Middle-Hear" under a few large search engines.
以至于中本聪自己都忍不住出来辟谣，那并不是他。只不过，除此之外，他本人没有任何要透露自己真实身份的意思在。毕竟以现在比特币的行情来看，中本聪的出现必定会引起各种不必要的麻烦，不如做一个偷偷隐匿着的富豪，岂不快哉？
It is not him who can't help it. Except that he himself has nothing to say about his true identity. After all, in the current situation of Bitcoin, the appearance of such a person is bound to cause unnecessary problems, rather than be a rich man who hides himself.
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