·“我坚信，下一代互联网一定会基于区块链构建一个人工智能网络，人工智能加区块链才是真正的下一代互联网。”
· “I firmly believe that the next generation of the Internet will build an artificial intelligence network based on a block chain, and that artificial intelligence with a block chain is the real next generation of the Internet.”
·当前，元宇宙面临两类问题：第一是平台短板过多，限制了用户数的增长；第二是在基础设施方面，即并发量和使用成本都存在挑战。展望未来三年，我预期会有重大的突破以及用户发展。
· currently, the meta-cosmos faces two types of problems: first, there are too many platforms, limiting the growth of the number of users; and second, there are challenges in infrastructure, both in terms of volume and cost of use. Looking forward to the next three years, I expect major breakthroughs and user development.
毫微科技有限公司（Nano Labs）创始人、香港数码港管理有限公司董事孔剑平。
Co-founder of Nano Labs and Director of Digital Ports Management Ltd., Hong Kong
“山姆（OpenAI首席执行官山姆·奥特曼） 2015年来中国，那时Web3.0这个词还没有出现，我们讨论的内容是下一代互联网会是什么样子，其中的重点主要是人工智能和区块链。”近日，毫微科技有限公司（Nano Labs）创始人、香港数码港管理有限公司董事孔剑平在接受澎湃科技（www.thepaper.cn）专访时回忆。
“Sam (OpenAI CEO Sam· Otman) The word Web3.0 has not appeared in China since 2015, and what we're discussing is what the next generation of the Internet will look like, with a focus on artificial intelligence and block chains.” Recently, Kono Labs, founder of Digital Ports Ltd. and director of Hong Kong Digital Ports Ltd., Kaku Kenping, recalled in an interview at www.thepaper.cn.
而如今，“人工智能的影响力无需多言，尤其是近半年的快速发展。”在孔剑平看来，人工智能加区块链才是真正的下一代互联网，因为人工智能和区块链都是具有巨大变革性的技术。同时，随着人工智能生产力的发展，现实世界中的实体可以在元宇宙中获得无限的扩展。但在当前，元宇宙面临两类问题：第一是平台短板过多，限制了用户数的增长；第二是在基础设施方面，即并发量和使用成本都存在挑战。
Today, “the impact of artificial intelligence does not need much to be said, especially the rapid development of the last half of the year.” The next generation of the Internet is an artificial intelligence plus block chain, in the light of the fact that artificial intelligence and block chains are highly transformative technologies.
在采访中，孔剑平一直强调如何从基础设施上推动元宇宙和Web3.0的发展。过去十几年里，他一直在Web3.0赛道上持续创业。大学毕业后，他从事过半导体行业工作，在2012年接触数字货币后，开始投身于这个领域，先是投资了数字货币领域的芯片设计公司嘉楠科技，并担任该公司联席董事长，此后又投资了在美股上市的“第九城市”，帮助其转型进入区块链行业。去年，他所创办的浙江毫微科技有限公司在美股上市。
In the interview, Koo Kenping emphasized how to promote the Yuan cosmos and Web3.0 from infrastructure. Over the past 10 years, he had been running a business on the Web 3.0 track. After college graduation, he worked in the semiconductor industry, and after exposure to digital money in 2012, he began to invest in this field, first in Carnan Science and Technology, a chip design company in the field of digital money, and as co-director of the company, and then in the ninth city on the United States stock market, helping to transform it into a sector-based industry. Last year, the Zhejiang millet technology company, which he founded, was listed in the United States stock market.
从“木桶理论”到“长板加长”
from "the barrel theory" to "long board length"
澎湃科技：提到Web3.0定义的时候人们会依照从Web1.0到Web3.0的顺序来解读，比如：Web1.0是只读，Web2.0是读+写，Web3.0是读+写+拥有。你曾给的定义是“Web3.0就是人工智能加区块链”，能从你的角度诠释一下吗？
: refers to the definition of Web3.0 in order to read from Web1.0 to Web3.0, e.g. Web1.0 is read-only, Web 2.0 is read-written, Web3.0 is read-written-owned. Did you ever define the term “Web3.0 is artificial intelligence and block chain” in your perspective?
孔剑平：这个话题的起源可以追溯到2015年。那时OpenAI的CEO山姆·奥特曼 (Sam Altman)还是YC（Y Combinator）的主席。山姆2015年来中国，那时Web3.0这个词还没有出现，我们讨论的内容是下一代互联网会是什么样子，其中的重点主要是人工智能和区块链。那对于我们这个行业来说，狭义上的Web3.0可能指的就是区块链，但我认为更多人会将其理解为下一代互联网。
Sam Altman or the president of the YC (Y Combinator) in OpenAI. Sam, the word Web3.0 has not appeared in China since 2015, and we're discussing what the next generation of the Internet will look like, with a focus on artificial intelligence and block chains. For our industry, Web3.0 in the narrow sense may refer to a block chain, but I think more people will understand it as the next generation of the Internet.
我坚信，下一代互联网一定会基于区块链构建一个人工智能网络，人工智能加区块链才是真正的下一代互联网，因为人工智能和区块链都是具有巨大变革性的技术。其中，人工智能的影响力无需多言，尤其是近半年的快速发展。这说明了它能极大地提升用户的生产力，所以发展才能这么迅速。
I firmly believe that the next generation of the Internet is bound to build an artificial intelligence network based on block chains, and that artificial intelligence plus block chains are the real next generation of the Internet, because both artificial intelligence and block chains are highly transformative technologies. The impact of artificial intelligence needs no mention, especially the rapid growth of the last six months.
然后，为何要提区块链呢？因为我们认识到，Web2.0这一代互联网公司的发展需要符合“木桶理论”原理，即你要创办一家公司需要不断补齐其中的短板，因此为了补短板，公司需要的员工越来越多。或者依赖于大公司的生态，需要融入某个大公司的生态才能更好地生存。
And then, why mention the block chain? Because we realize that the development of Web 2.0, a generation of Internet companies, needs to be consistent with the “bunk theory” that you need to create a company that needs to keep up the short plates, so that companies need more and more employees to fill them.
但是，对于下一代互联网，我们认为这是一个长板加长的过程，即少数人的公司也能生存和发展。几个人的公司在Web3.0领域很常见。在Web3.0的赛道上，我们可以看到只有10个人的公司也能获得上亿美元的估值，百人的公司也能达到百亿美元的估值。这在上一代的互联网时代几乎是不可能的。由于区块链的底层基础设施已经搭建完善，你可以在所有这些公开的设施之上发展自己的业务。你只需要做好自己擅长的部分就能有很好的发展。
But, for the next generation of the Internet, we believe that this is a long-term process, in which a few companies can survive and develop. A few people’s companies are common in Web3.0. On Web3.0, we can see that only 10 companies can be valued at $1 billion, and hundreds of companies can be valued at $10 billion. This is almost impossible in the age of the Internet.
澎湃科技：当时什么原因让您决定All In Web3.0？
Why did you decide All In Web3.0?
孔剑平：当时就是看到了，Web3.0在底层技术上的创新，让它与传统模式相比确实有了显著提升。同时，我们观察到，这种长板加长的生态发展方式，其发展速度可能会超越过去的模式。因为它降低了创业门槛，使得更多人可以在这里创业，释放出更大的创业价值和用户网络效应。
澎湃科技：具体介绍一下你投入的主要方向。
: details the main directions of your input.
孔剑平：我们的主要关注点在Web3.0的基础设施，我们认为这个领域还有很多机会。
The main focus of our attention is on the infrastructure of Web3.0 and we believe that there are many opportunities in this area.
最早嘉楠科技主要做的是比特币的计算芯片，而当时没有涉足以太坊的计算芯片，其实我认为这是一个应该进入的领域。而且不仅仅是以太坊，我们也关注整个计算网络的发展，这是一个有价值的方向，因为我们认为计算可能会发生几个重大变化。
The earliest KANO technology was mainly about Bitcoin’s computing chip, which I thought was an area that should be entered. And not just Etheria, we are also concerned about the development of the entire computing network, which is a valuable direction, because we think there may be a few major changes in the calculation.
首先，芯片可能会向供专门应用的集成电路（ASIC）方向发展。事实上，这已经在区块链领域中得到了证实，而且我们预期在人工智能领域也会发生类似的变化。
First, the chip may move in the direction of integrated circuits (ASICs) for specialized applications. In fact, this has been confirmed in the area of block chains, and we expect similar changes in the area of artificial intelligence.
其次，整个云计算可能会发生从CPU到GPU，再到专门应用的集成电路（ASIC）这样一个转变。原因是无论是人工智能还是元宇宙，都需要GPU进行计算，所以整个云计算架构会被重新搭建。
Second, the entire cloud computing may change from CPU to GPU, and then to a specially applied integrated circuit (ASIC). The reason is that GPU is needed to calculate, both artificial intelligence and meta-cosm, so that the entire cloud computing structure will be rebuilt.
加上区块链的底层思维逻辑和方式，我们认为在这个领域能够做的事情和能够颠覆的事情会非常多，所以我们选择了参与这个领域。我们公司将包含芯片硬件的板块和计算网络的板块，围绕Web3.0元宇宙生态发布更多科技型产品和平台。
Together with the underlying logic and approach of the block chain, we believe that there is a lot of things that can be done in this area and that can be subversive, so we have chosen to participate in it. Our company will publish more technology-based products and platforms around the Web 3.0-dollar cosmic ecology, with plates containing chip hardware and computing networks.
需要做更多底层工作
澎湃科技：在你眼中元宇宙应该是一个什么样子？
: What does the universe look like to you?
孔剑平：大家都在聊元宇宙，在我这里，我认为其形态大致可分为三种：一种是数字孪生，即在元宇宙中将现实世界复制一遍；第二种是虚实结合、增强现实（AR）；第三种是数字原生，即在元宇宙中独立产生一些现实世界中不存在的世界。
swords: Everyone is talking about the meta-cosm, and here I think it can be roughly divided into three types: a digital twin, i.e., a reproduction of the real world in the meta-cosm; a virtual combination, an enhancement of the reality (AR); and a third is digital origin, i.e., the creation of a world that does not exist in the real world independently in the meta-cosm.
过去一两年里，我们看到国内外的大厂，以及政府，在一起推动元宇宙的发展，但真正具有颠覆性、革命性的产品尚未出现。原因在于，元宇宙的发展还处在一个木桶理论阶段，受制于一些短板领域的存在，诸如VR（虚拟现实）设备的数量、算力性能的需求以及算力网络等多个方面都还存在瓶颈。这些因素导致用户数量无法快速增长，进入门槛过高。
Over the past year or two, we have seen large domestic and foreign factories, as well as governments, together promoting the development of the meta-cosmos, but truly subversive and revolutionary products have yet to emerge. The reason is that the development of the meta-cosmos is still at the stage of barrel theory, subject to the existence of short-board areas, such as the number of VR (virtual reality) devices, the need for arithmetic performance, and the power network.
因此，我们认为要真正实现元宇宙的发展，可能需要在底层做更多工作，如解决大规模的计算并发问题。我们的目标是让大量用户在同时进入元宇宙时不会感到卡顿，同时降低元宇宙的运营成本。否则，如果创业公司消耗的计算资源过多，他们可能无法负担这个成本。这是底层需要改变的部分。
Therefore, we believe that real development of the metacosystem may require more work at the bottom, such as solving large-scale computing problems. Our goal is for a large number of users to enter the metacosystem at the same time without feeling Caden, while reducing the operating costs of the metacosystem. Otherwise, if entrepreneurs consume too much computing resources, they may not be able to afford it. This is the part that needs to be changed at the bottom.
同时，入口也需要改变。我认为，我们需要在年轻人群中形成用户的刚需和粘性，然后逐步扩大受众。一般来说，年轻的人群和新的场景更容易接受新的技术。比如支付宝初期是在一个新的电商环境中，由年轻人开始使用的，当时的支付宝还没有各种线下支付的场景。那时候的用户群体规模还不够大，也不可能进行线下场景的支付。此外，当时的网络基础也是一个限制因素。所以我认为，元宇宙的发展方向应该是在新的场景中挖掘出一些有潜力的点。从底层基础设施到用户入口，都需要进行相应的改变。
At the same time, the portals also need to change. I think that we need to create user demand and stickyness among young people, and then scale up the audience. In general, young people and new scenes are more likely to accept new technologies. For example, the payment of treasures was started in a new electrical business environment, where young people started to use them, and the payment of the treasures under various lines was not yet available. The user group was not large enough to pay for the offline.
澎湃科技：顺着上面说的，你曾提过：“现在很多人可能试图把传统世界搬到元宇宙，这是存量思维，但我认为原生的元宇宙创新会更多”，能详细讲一下“原生的元宇宙创新”都会有哪些吗？
: , as you said, once said: “Many people may now try to move the traditional world to the meta-cosmos, which is stock-thinking, but I think the original meta-cosm innovation will be more,” can you elaborate on what “the original meta-cosm innovation” is?
孔剑平：例如，将现实世界迁移到元宇宙，这与我们在计算机发明时预测全球只需要5台计算机的思维逻辑是一样的，这种思维模式受到了一定的局限。随着人工智能生产力的发展，现实世界中的实体可以在元宇宙中获得无限的扩展。比如在现实世界中，每个个体只有一个自我，但在元宇宙中，每个个体都可能有无数个自我，以Avatar（分身）的形式存在。
In the real world, for example, each individual has only one self, but in the meta-cosmos each individual may have countless selfs, in the form of Avatar.
现在有些应用程序允许人工智能之间进行交谈，甚至可以脱离人类的操作，这在过去的世界是无法想象的。在这种情况下，你的分身和我的分身可以在元宇宙中进行交流。晚上人需要睡觉，但元宇宙中的分身不需要。
Now, there are applications that allow artificial intelligence to talk between people, or even to move away from humans, which is inconceivable in the past. In this case, your parts and my parts can communicate in the metacosystem. People need to sleep at night, but not in the metacosystem.
人类的知识密度是有限的，但是像ChatGPT这样的人工智能已经将人类的知识密度提升到了更高的水平。普通人不可能拥有它们的知识密度。如果你在元宇宙中结合了原生世界的要素和ChatGPT，那么你在元宇宙中创造出来的事物肯定远超过现实世界中的你。
The knowledge density of humans is limited, but artificial intelligence like ChatGPT has raised the knowledge density of humans to a higher level. Ordinary people can't have the knowledge density of them. If you combine the elements of the original world with the ChatGPT in the meta-cosmos, then what you create in the meta-cosmos is certainly far more than you do in the real world.
澎湃科技：大家谈到元宇宙时会提到一个词“分布式算力”，毫微科技在提到iPollo（豪微科技的Web3.0品牌）时总会提到分布式渲染算力，那什么是分布式渲染算力，与分布式算力有哪些不同？
: When you talk about the meta-cosm, one word is referred to as “distributed computing”, and in the reference to iPollo (Web3.0 on luxury technology) microtechnology always refers to distributed rendering algorithms. What is a distributed rendering algorithm, and what is different from distributed algorithms?
孔剑平：我们的定位有两层，一层是底层，即解决如何更低成本地使用算力的问题，要更好地利用闲置算力，因为元宇宙和人工智能都离不开算力。我们的目标是让人们在全球范围内能更低成本地使用算力，解决人工智能计算和元宇宙计算的问题。
第二个目标是利用Web3.0的长板加长的逻辑，让iPollo平台上的各种科技互为Layer2层，即互为基础设施。比如，当一个富有创新思维的年轻人设计了一个3D模型，首先，他可以利用OpenAI和Stable Diffusion技术生成这个模型。然后他可以直接接入Web3.0，让这个模型具备生命力或人工智能的能力。他还可以接入AR相机，让这个模型在现实世界中进行增强现实互动。同样地，这个模型也可以进入某个项目开发的元宇宙，成为其中的道具或主角。这样，即便是一个人的团队也能在元宇宙这个生态里进行创业，团队人数不是必要条件。
The second objective is to use the long-plate logic of Web3.0 to make the technology on the iPollo platform one another a Layer 2 layer, i.e. an infrastructure of one another. For example, when an innovative young man has designed a 3D model, he can first use OpenAI and Stable Diffusion technology to produce the model. He then has direct access to Web3.0, so that the model has the ability to be viable or artificially intelligent. He can also access the AR camera, allowing the model to increase real interaction in the real world. Similarly, the model can enter into the meta-cosm developed by a project and become a proprietor or protagonist.
澎湃科技：iPollo菠萝元宇宙（毫微科技的弹性算力网络，提供元宇宙渲染算力服务）在2022年12月完成了1.5万数字人大规模实时渲染验证，还建立了首个元宇宙3D打印中心，能详细介绍一下吗？
Technology: iPollo pineapple cosmos (a network of elastic numeric numeric numeracy that provides a meta-cosm rendering function) completed the mass real-time validation of 15,000 digitals in December 2022, and the first meta-cosm 3D printing centre was established. Can you describe this in detail?
孔剑平：在过去，我们发现许多元宇宙项目在面对几十到上百人的并发用户时会出现性能问题。另外一个问题是，这些项目每小时的运行成本非常高。为了解决这些问题，我们从技术角度出发，成功解决了面对1.5万人的并发问题以及其他并发问题。iPollo的目标是将运营成本降低100倍，并通过实时计算实现这个目标。
In the past, we found many meta-cosm projects with performance problems in the face of dozens to hundreds of co-users. Another problem is that they run at very high operating costs per hour. In order to solve these problems, we have managed to solve, from a technical point of view, the problems of co-generation and other co-exist problems of 15,000 people. The goal of iPollo is to reduce operating costs 100 times and achieve this goal by calculating them in real time.
优化计算资源调度只是在第一个层次上降低了成本。然而，如果要使整个网络的计算成本降低100倍，可能需要在更高维度上对计算方式和方法进行解构。然后让用户根据这套新的计算方式和方法进行操作，这样做的成本会比直接使用计算资源的成本更低。
Optimizing the calculation of resource movements only reduces costs at the first level. However, if the computing costs of the entire network are to be reduced 100 times, the calculation methods and methods may need to be deconstructed at a higher dimension.
我们决定建立一个元宇宙3D打印中心，主要是因为我们预见到未来元宇宙资产的数量将会越来越多，这将带来大量的打印需求。然而，全球现有的打印设备和技术无法满足这些需求，因此，我们选择与打印机厂商合作，共同建立这个把虚拟世界转化为现实的3D打印中心。
We decided to set up a meta-cosmos 3D printing centre, mainly because we anticipated that the number of assets in the meta-cosmos would grow in the future, which would give rise to a lot of printing needs. However, the printing equipment and technology available globally would not be able to meet those needs, so we chose to work with printer manufacturers to create this 3D printing centre, which would turn the virtual world into reality.
随着人工智能技术的发展，人工智能现在已经可以协助生成3D模型，未来可能会生成更为精致的3D模型。数年后，人们需要的可能不再是一个普通的手办，因为它是静态的。你需要的将是一个你喜欢的数字潮玩，它背后具有各种AI功能，可以与你进行互动，它会成为你情感生活的一部分。
As artificial intelligence advances, artificial intelligence can now assist in the generation of 3D models, and in the future it may produce a more sophisticated 3D model. In a few years, people may need to stop being ordinary hands-on, because it's static. What you need is a digital game that you like, with a variety of AI functions behind it, that can interact with you, and that will become part of your emotional life.
因此，我们认为需要从基础设施层面去解决这些问题。
We therefore believe that these issues need to be addressed at the infrastructure level.
澎湃科技：前面你提到过一些，不过还是希望你能总结一下。在AI当红的今天，元宇宙的热度相对于一年前好像有所降温，你认为当前元宇宙发展中还存在什么问题？前景如何？
You mentioned some of them earlier, but I'd like you to summarize them. In AI's red, the heat of the meta-cosm today seems to be cooler than it was a year ago. What do you think is wrong with the development of the meta-cosm? What are the prospects?
孔剑平：在我看来，元宇宙当前面临的问题大致可以分为两类。第一类是平台短板过多，这限制了其用户数的增长；第二类问题在基础设施方面，即并发量和使用成本都存在挑战。尽管如此，我相信我们都在积极解决这些问题。展望未来三年，我预期会有重大的突破以及用户发展。
However, I believe that we are all actively addressing these issues. Looking ahead, I expect major breakthroughs and user development over the next three years.
Web3.0的四个阶段
Web3.0 four stages
澎湃科技：你之前给学生讲课时提过Web3.0的发展阶段，能在这里展开分享一下吗？
: You mentioned the development phase of Web3.0 in your previous lectures to students, could you share it here?
孔剑平：对于Web3.0行业的发展，我认为有4个阶段。
I think there are four stages in the development of the Web3.0 industry.
第一个阶段是以比特币为主导的区块链阶段，那个时候行业里能参与的领域可能只有5到10个。
The first phase is the block chain phase, dominated by Bitcoin, at which time only 5 to 10 areas of industry involvement may have been involved.
第二个阶段是以以太坊为主导的金融应用时代。这个阶段不仅包括之前的矿机、矿产交易、芯片等领域，还涵盖了各种新的应用，因此开发者能参与的领域可能扩展到了成百上千类。在这个大生态中创业的团队可能有数十万个，包括广义上的相关团队，其中真正深入参与的可能也有数万个。
The second phase is an era of industry-led financial applications. This phase covers not only former mining machines, mineral trading, chips, but also new applications.
第三个阶段是原生Web3.0的时代。
The third stage was the age of the original Web3.0.
第四个阶段是产业Web3.0时代。我将其分为原生Web3.0和产业Web3.0，是因为一旦一个概念火爆，很多拥有资源的企业都想加入，考虑如何结合。然而，原生的参与者和产业的参与者是不同的群体，他们常常无法达成共识。产业方面认为没有与产业结合的技术没有价值，而原生方认为自己做得很好，产业无法很好结合。实际上，双方都没有错，只是从自己的角度看问题。在用户数量较少的时候，只有原生的玩法才能够推广。只有当用户数量达到一定规模，比如10亿或20亿，产业才能够更容易地结合，大规模推广。因此，我将其分为了这4个阶段，前两个阶段偏金融，后两个阶段偏科技。
The fourth phase is the Web3.0 era of industry. I divided it into Web3.0 and Web3.0, because once a concept explodes, many resource-owned businesses want to join and think about integration. However, the original participants and industry participants are different groups, often unable to reach a consensus. Industry believes that technology that is not integrated with industry has no value, while the originals think that they are doing well and that industry does not fit well.
澎湃科技：我们现在处于哪个阶段？
What stage are we at?
孔剑平：我认为当前的状况是，第二个阶段占主导地位，而原生Web3.0正逐渐浮出水面。有人试图进行整合，但要形成大规模的应用案例并不容易。就如同之前的NFT（非同质化代币）发行，它可以作为一种营销素材存在，但在持续性方面可能相对较弱。而海外原生的NFT，尽管经历了一些起伏，但整个赛道还是持续存在的。
澎湃科技：所以很多人在做Web3.0的普及工作，需要有更多人了解和参与Web3.0。
: so many people are doing Web3.0 outreach and need more people to understand and participate in Web3.0.
孔剑平：这是一个用户转换的问题。用户转换是需要一定前提条件的。大家想要引导用户从Web2.0转向Web3.0，这并不是由一个人或一个项目决定的，而是由一个行业红利决定的。这个行业红利可能有几种情况。
一种是财富效应。人们投资股票和加密货币，都是因为看到别人赚到了钱，这种财富效应吸引了大家进行用户转换。这是一个方面，比如现在的熊市，很多宣传是没有用的。当市场条件好的时候，他们自然会参与，这就是财富效应的转换。
One is the wealth effect. People invest in stocks and encoded money because they see other people making money, which attracts users to switch. This is an aspect, like the bear market, where much of the propaganda is useless. When market conditions are good, they naturally participate, and that is the conversion of the wealth effect.
第二类是提升用户效率，如ChatGPT能够百倍提升用户的使用效率，也能推动用户转换。
The second category is the enhancement of user efficiency, such as the ability of ChatGPT to increase user efficiency 100 times and facilitate user conversion.
第三类是大幅降低使用成本，这也能促进用户转换。我认为用户转换必须至少满足这3个条件其中的1个，而不是仅仅因为你拥有用户就能实现转换。
The third category is a significant reduction in the cost of use, which can also facilitate user conversion. I think user conversion must meet at least one of these three conditions, not simply because you have a user.
澎湃科技：你之前提过的元宇宙三大定律，能在这里展开分享一下吗？
"Technology":
孔剑平：我2021年写的“元宇宙三大定律”只是我自己的想法，希望与大家多交流。我的想法是，比如说，过去互联网有三大定律。如果我们把工业革命时代视为一个二维空间，把互联网时代视为一个三维空间，再把未来的元宇宙时代视为一个四维空间的话，你会发现一个特点，即维度越高，其发展速度越快。
Confucius: I wrote in 2021 the three laws of the meta-cosmos merely in the hope of communicating more with you. My idea is, for example, that the Internet used to have three laws. If we see the era of the industrial revolution as a two-dimensional space, the age of the Internet as a three-dimensional space, and the future age of the meta-cosmos as a four-dimensional space, you will find one feature, the higher the dimension, the faster it develops.
在工业革命时代，一家公司需要几十年才能发展成独角兽。到了互联网时代，发展时间缩短为十几年，到了移动互联网时代，只需要几年。现在这个元宇宙时代，可能只需要几个月，一家公司就能成长起来。因此，我觉得随着维度的提升，发展速度发生了巨大的变化。
In the era of industrial revolution, it took decades for a company to grow into a unicorn. In the age of the Internet, the development time was reduced to more than a decade, and in the age of mobile Internet, it took only a few years.
这其中，第一点是元宇宙的价值是用户数的三次方成正比。在互联网时代的用户价值是用户数的平方成正比，但我认为在更高维度的元宇宙中，它至少与用户数的三次方成正比，这应该是该行业的网络效应。
The first of these is that the value of the meta-cosm is a positive ratio of three to the number of users. In the Internet age, the value of the user is a positive ratio of the square to the number of users, but I think that in the higher dimension of the meta-cosm, it is at least three to the number of users, which should be the network effect of the industry.
第二点是元宇宙的网络价值是各层价值相加之和。过去的Web2.0时代企业之间是竞争垄断的关系，各方相对封闭；而Web3.0元宇宙更多的是开放关系，所以在元宇宙这个层面，价值应该是各层网络价值的相加之和，而不是互相竞争的关系。
The second point is that the value of the meta-cosm is the sum of the various layers of value. In the past, the Web 2.0 era business was a competitive monopolistic relationship, where the parties were relatively closed; and the Web3.0-cosmos was more open, so that value at the meta-cosm level should be the sum of the values of the various layers of the network, not the relationship of competition.
第三个观点是元宇宙的边际用户也能获得相应的价值，过去可能你是淘宝的用户，你在淘宝上购物，或者你购买了.com的域名，但你无法享受到这些公司增长的红利。
The third point is that the marginal users of the meta-cosmos can get the same value. You may have been a treasure-hunting user in the past, you've been shopping on a treasure-hunting or you've bought a domain name for.com, but you can't enjoy the dividends of these companies' growth.
然而，现在你购买了例如BAYC（一个名为“无聊猿”的NFT品牌）的产品，作为最早的数字电商消费者之一，项目方还给你空投Token。在这种情况下，每一个用户都能享受到网络价值的提升，这在过去是不存在的。因此，基于这些观点，我认为有以上三大定律。欢迎大家拍砖。
Now, however, you're buying products like BayC, one of the first digital consumers to drop Token. In this case, every user can enjoy an increase in the value of the network, which did not exist in the past. So, based on these points, I think there are three laws.
（作者Curiousjoe，一位国际政治和加密货币的跨界研究员。）
(author Curiousjoe, a cross-border researcher on international politics and cryptography).
“元宇宙观察”栏目长期关注Web3.0话题，欢迎相关行业建设者、研究者、畅想者来稿，观察、评论、访谈均可。投稿通道：zhengjie@thepaper.cn
The meta-cosmos observation section has a long-term focus on Web3.0 and welcomes contributions from relevant industry builders, researchers, thinkers, observers, commenters, and interviews.
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