Ethereum 通訊協定是由多個公用網路所組成。 不同的 Ethereum 網路可能會有不同的屬性、用法、功能和共識機制。 Ethereum 目前有四個測試網路 (稱為 Testnet), 以及一個生產網路 (稱為 Mainnet)。
Etheeum communication protocols are defined as being made up of multiple public networks. Different Etheeum networks may have different attributes, uses, functions, and co-manufactures. Etheeum currently has four test networks (known as Testnet) and a production network (known as Mainnet).
Mainnet (「主要網路」(Main Network) 的簡稱) 代表一個真實的公用 Ethereum 區塊鏈。 部署到 Mainnet 的應用程式可以交換和使用資訊,以及彼此互動。
Mainnet ("Main Network") represents a genuine public Etherum chain. Applications deployed to Mainnet can exchange and use information, as well as interact with each other.
部署應用程式可以練習分散式區塊鏈的完整功能。 沒有集中式授權單位。 Mainnet 是完全分散的。
The application can be deployed to practice the full functionality of the decentralized chain. There is no centralized licensing unit. Mainnet is completely dispersed.
Mainnet 上可能會部署不同類型的代幣和應用程式。 將交易部署到 Mainnet 之後,這些交易是不可變的,因此無法加以變更。
Mainnet may deploy different types of coins and applications. After deploying transactions to Mainnet, these transactions are immutable and cannot be changed.
每筆交易都會產生真實的費用。 這些費用需要稱為「以太幣」(Ether/ETH) 的加密貨幣。
Each transaction generates real costs. These costs require an encrypted currency called Ether/ETH.
您可以使用 Etherscan,檢視 Ethereum Mainnet 上的所有區塊。 Etherscan 會顯示最新探勘到的區塊和交易。 您可以檢查所有區塊。
You can view all blocks on Etheeum Mainnet using .
Ethereum 有四個公用 Testnet。 每個 Testnet 都有不同的部署方法和程序。 Testnet 會暫存應用程式並在即時公用環境中進行測試,再將應用程式部署到 Mainnet。
Etheeum has four common-use Testnets. Each Testnet has different deployment methods and procedures. Testnet will temporarily save applications and test them in the immediate common-use environment and deploy them to Mainnet.
Testnet 使用工作量證明 (Proof of Work,PoW) 或權威證明 (Proof of Authority,PoA) 共識協議,決定如何將新的交易區塊新增至網路。 以下是每個協議的概觀:
Using or
Testnet 需要「測試以太幣」(Test Ether)。 測試以太幣是免費的,而且您可以從 Faucet 取得。 您可以提供帳戶位址給 Faucet,獲得特定數量的測試以太幣。 The test is free of charge and can be obtained from Faucet. You can provide the address of the account to Faucet for a given number of tests in Taft. Faucet 已成為取得測試以太幣用於 Testnet 的主要方式。 其社群會管理公用測試網路,以方便開發人員和測試之用。 Faucet 可保護 Testnet 免於垃圾郵件攻擊,因為以太幣掌控在受信任的合作對象手中。 Faucacet has become the main way to get a test in Testnet. Its community will manage the public testing network to facilitate development and testing. 讓我們看看 Ethereum Testnet 及其相關聯的屬性。 Let's see Etheum Testnet and its associated properties. Ropsten 是 PoW 共識協議。 其功能最接近 Mainnet。 Ropsten 是以瑞典地鐵站命名,自 2016 年起便已存在。 據稱最能重現 Mainnet 上的條件。 Ropsten is the PoW consensus agreement, which is the closest function to Mainnet. Ropsten is named after the Swedish subway station and has existed since 2016. 其他詳細資訊: Other details: Kovan 是以新加坡地鐵站命名的 PoA Testnet。 其以太幣必須從 Faucet 申請,並掌控在受信任的合作對象手中。 由於這個性質,Kovan 不會受到垃圾郵件攻擊。 Kovan is a PoA Testnet named Singapore Metro Station. It must apply from Faucet and control trusted partners. 其他詳細資訊: Other details: PoA 跨用戶端 Testnet Goerli 是以柏林地鐵站命名。 此 Testnet 的目標是要能夠在各種用戶端上廣泛使用。 其強固程度足以保證一致的可用性。 這是 Goerli Initiative 於 2018 年開始的 Testnet。 PoA's inter-client Testnet Goerli is named after the Berlin subway station. This Testnet aims to be widely used on various client ends. 其他詳細資訊: Other details: Ropsten 據稱是與 Mainnet 最類似的 Testnet。 這是第一個主要 Testnet。 Kovan、Goerli 和 Rinkeby 都很穩定,並有很高的使用量。 在您部署到 Mainnet 之前,請部署到多個 Testnet 進行測試。 Ropsten is known to be the most similar Testnet to Mainnet. This is the first major Testnet. Kovan, Goerli and Rinkeby are stable and have high usage. Before you deploy to Mainnet, please deploy to several Testnets. Ethereum 的設計目的是要提供多個用戶端。 這些用戶端可能是由不同的團隊所開發,並可能使用不同的程式設計語言。 此多樣性讓網路更強大且更多元。 目標是要達成沒有任何用戶端主宰的多元化。 這項設計可減少任何單一失敗點的機率。 The design for Etheum is designed to provide multiple clientele, which may be developed by different teams and may be using different programming languages. This multiplicity makes the network stronger and more meta. The goal is to achieve diversity without any user dominance. 以下是一些常見的 Ethereum 用戶端: The following are some of the most common Etherum client: Go Ethereum (也稱為 Geth) 是通訊協定的初步實作之一。 此用戶端具有最大的使用者群,且最常使用。 Geth 為區塊鏈開發人員和使用者提供各種不同的工具。 Go Etheeum (also known as Geth) is one of the initial implementations of the communication protocol. This client has the largest user base and is most frequently used. Geth 用戶端是以 Go 撰寫,而且是開放原始碼。 已取得 GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 第 3 版的授權。 The Geth client was written in Go and is open source. Granted 3rd edition of GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL). OpenEthereum 用戶端適用於所有使用通訊協定的工作。 可簡化自訂、產品整合、資料儲存和記憶體管理等工作。 其目標是成為所有 Ethereum 用戶端中最輕量、快速且安全的。 OpenEtherium client is suitable for all use of communication protocols. Simplify customization, product integration, data storage, memory management, etc. The goal is to be the smallest, fast and safest of all Etherum clientelem. OpenEthereum 是以 Rust 程式設計語言撰寫。 已取得 GNU General Public License (GPL) 第 3 版的授權。 OpenEtherium is written in the language of Rust programming. The license for GNU General Public Life (GPL) version 3 has been obtained. Nethermind 提供全球最快速的 .NET Core Ethereum 用戶端和 P2P 資料市集。 為 Ethereum 區塊鏈解決方案的開發人員提供諮詢服務。 Nethermind provides the fastest global.NET Core Etheeum client and P2P data fair. Query services are provided to developers of Etheeum sector chain resolution programs. 以下是一些常見的 Ethereum API: Here are some of the usual Etheeum API: Infura API 套件可讓您透過 HTTPS 和 Websocket 立即存取 Ethereum 和 IPFS 網路。 您可以使用此直覺式介面,連線到所有 Testnet 的端點。 Infura 支援 Truffle Suite 和「適用於 Ethereum 的 Visual Studio Code 區塊鏈開發套件」。 The Infoura API package allows you to access Etheium and IPFS networks immediately through HTTPS and Websocket. You can use this intuitive interface to connect to all Testnet endpoints. Infoura supports Truffle Suite and the `Visual Studio Code chain development package suitable for Etheium'. 當您部署到 Testnet 或 Mainnet 時,MetaMask 用戶端會提供連線到 Ethereum 區塊鏈並與之互動的強固介面和電子錢包。 When you are deployed to Testnet or Mainnet, the MetaMask client provides a strong interface and electronic wallet that connects to and interacts with the Etheum block chain. 使用 MetaMask 在 Testnet 上傳送以太幣和代幣很簡單。 用戶端提供一個簡單的介面,以便您選取及使用不同的 Ethereum 網路。 當您需要與開發網路互動時,MetaMask 會簡化連線到 localhost 8545 或自訂 RPC 的作業,讓您可以使用 Ganache 和 Truffle 進行連線。 同樣地,MetaMask 具有與公用 Testnet 和 Mainnet 的預先定義連線。 It is easy to use MetaMask to upload the Ether and the Decoration on Tesnet. The client provides a simple interface to select and use different Etherium networks. When you need to interact with the development network, MetaMask will simplify the connection to localhost 8545 or custom RPC to allow you to use Ganache and Truffle. Similarly, MetaMask has predefined links to common Testnet and Mainnet. 如果您連線到 Mainnet,請小心保護您的私密金鑰。 此連線會使用真實的以太幣。 If you connect to Mainnet, be careful to protect your private key. This connection uses the real Ether currency.
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