据央行上海总部和央行北京营业管理部消息，1月11日，央行检查组先后进驻“比特币中国”、“火币网”、“币行”等比特币、莱特币交易平台，就交易平台执行外汇管理等情况开展现场检查。受此消息影响，比特币价格再度跳水,日内大跌近15%。
According to information from the Central Bank’s Shanghai headquarters and the Central Bank’s Beijing Department of Operations Management, on 11 January, the Central Bank’s inspection team took up the Bitcoin China, the Currency Network, the Currency Bank and other Bitcoin trading platforms, and conducted on-site checks on the foreign exchange management of the trading platforms. As a result, Bitcoin prices jumped again, falling by nearly 15% in the day.
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△资料图
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监管接连出手，比特币价格“闪崩”
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1月5日，已诞生8年的比特币价格站上新高点，当日一度达到一枚比特币价值人民币8895元。但好景不长，闪崩随即开始，截至1月10日16：50，再度跌至6347元，1月11日数据显示，一枚比特币价值已经从超8000元的高位跌至5400元左右。
On 5 January, eight years after its birth, the Bitcoin price station reached a new high of 8895 yuan, a bitcoin value. But the good news did not last long, and the crash began. As of 10 January, it fell again to 6347, and the data of 11 January show that the value of a bitcoin fell from a high of more than 8,000 yuan to around 5,400 yuan.
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1月11日下午，央行北京营业部官网发布消息称，已经与北京市金融工作局等单位组成联合检查组，于1月11日起进驻“火币网”、“币行”等比特币、莱特币交易平台，就交易平台执行外汇管理、反洗钱等相关金融法律法规、交易场所管理相关规定等情况开展现场检查。
On the afternoon of 11 January, the Central Bank's Beijing Operations Network published information that it had formed a Joint Inspection Unit with the Beijing Finance Bureau, among others, to carry out on-site inspections on the implementation of foreign exchange regulations, anti-money-laundering financial laws and regulations, and the regulations governing the management of trading premises, in the form of a “Marnet Network”, a “currency line” and other Bitcoin trading platforms, starting on 11 January.
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△图自视觉中国
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央行现场检查的消息发布之后，火币网比特币价格出现了短线跳水，从6300元左右跌至6000元以下。
Following the release of information from the Central Bank's on-site inspection, the price of the coin net bitcoin fell short-line, falling from about $6,300 to less than $6,000.
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△比特币报价走势图
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△ok coin比特币报价走势图
? 高杠杆下平台风险凸显 ? “1月5号暴跌之前，很多人使用杠杆交易。”据一名比特币投资者透露。杠杆交易是目前比特币平台普遍采用的一种交易制度，类似于股市中的融资融券，比特币投资者能够向平台融资融币，进行多空双向操作。 “Before January 5, many people used leverage trading.” According to a Bitcoin investor. Leverage is a trading system that is now widely used on the Bitcoin platform, similar to a finance coupon in the stock market, and bitcoin investors are able to monetize money into the platform and operate in a multi-empty two-way operation. ? 据了解，目前国内两大比特币交易平台火币网和币行均提供最高五倍的杠杆额度，杠杆手续费率为每日0.1%。火币网内部人士告诉记者，火币提供的杠杆资金来自于平台自有资金。 It is understood that the two main bitcoin trading platforms in the country now provide a maximum of five times the leverage line, with a daily rate of 0.1 per cent for the leverage process, and that insiders of the money network have told journalists that the leverage funds provided by the money are derived from the platform's own funds. ? ? 借入的杠杆能够放大本金，获取超额收益，但同时也意味着风险被放大。根据火币网的规定，当用户的杠杆持仓风险率（总资产/杠杆额度，杠杆额度含手续费）低于110%时，系统将强制平仓。 Leveraging can magnify the principal and generate excess gains, but it also means that the risk is magnified. Under the Sensornet, the system will be forced to level down when the user's leverage risk rate (total asset/leveraging, with fees) is below 110%. ? 中央民族大学法学院教授、互联网金融研究专家邓建鹏在接受采访时表示，目前比特币交易平台的盈利模式主要是通过提供融资融币服务收取手续费，资金利息年化高达36%，这其中存在很大的风险。 In an interview, Deng Jianping, a professor at the Faculty of Law of the Central National University and an Internet finance research expert, said that the current profit model of the Bitcoin trading platform was mainly to charge a fee through the provision of finance money-melting services, with interest on funds amounting to 36 per cent annually, which was at great risk. ? 而除了杠杆带来的风险，交易平台自身存在的问题也让投资者承受着另一种无法预知的风险。一位比特币投资者向记者表示，以往遇到大涨或者大跌的情况时，火币网的网页端或者APP出现过无法登录，交易卡顿的情况，致使投资者无法迅速作出交易反应。 In addition to the risks posed by leverage, the trading platform itself is exposed to another unforeseeable risk. A Bitcoin investor told journalists that, in the past, when there was a massive upswing or downfall, there was a lack of access on the gunnet’s web end or on the APP, and the trading of Caden’s situation prevented investors from reacting quickly to the transaction. ? 为什么比特币突然那么火？ Why is Bitcoin so hot all of a sudden? ? 2017元旦期间，有两条财经新闻特别热。一个是，继银联卡停刷资本项下投资性保险、国内公司跨境并购审核升级后，个人购汇监管也开始趋严。若监管部门一旦发现“蚂蚁搬家”式的逃汇，情节严重，可处逃汇金额30%以上等值以下的罚款。 In one case, the regulation of individual money transfers began to tighten following the upgrading of investment insurance under the CFC, cross-border M & As approval by domestic companies. If the regulatory authority finds that an ant-moved money transfers are serious, the amount can be fined up to 30% or more. ? 另一个是，比特币在2017年迎来“开门红”，3日的交易价格突破了1000美元关口，创下3年来新高。 Another is Bitcoin's “open door” in 2017, where the trading price for three days broke out of the $1,000 mark, reaching a three-year high. ? 有嗅觉灵敏的人将这两件事联系在一起：通过比特币买卖，可以规避外汇管制，而利用其涨势还可以投机。 People with a strong sense of smell linked these two things: trading in bitcoin allows for the evasion of exchange controls and taking advantage of their ups and ups and ups and ups and ups and ups and ups and ups and downs. ? 数月来中国投资者购买比特币的狂热，与人民币近期的下跌走势几乎同步。有操作过比特币的人士表示，通过比特币把人民币转成美元，技术过程非常简单。 Chinese investors’ frenzy to buy bitcoin in the past few months has almost coincided with the recent decline in the renminbi. Some people who have operated bitcoin say that the process of converting the renminbi into dollars through bitcoin is very simple. ? “要把钱弄到国外太简单了。”曾购买比特币的投资者表示，在国内的交易平台OKCoin或者火币网，就能用人民币买入比特币，然后转到国外交易平台上，立刻就能变现成美元，整个过程不会超过5分钟。整个过程不会存在任何监管风险。唯一的风险，就是在这5分钟内比特币暴跌。当然也有可能是暴涨。 "It's too easy to get the money abroad." Investors who bought bitcoin said that they could buy bitcoin in a domestic trading platform, or a network of coins, and then transfer it to a foreign trading platform, and then immediately become dollars, not more than five minutes. There would be no regulatory risk to the whole process. The only risk would be a sharp drop in bitcoin in five minutes. Of course, there could also be a surge. ? ? 这一手法仅从技术上来说，似乎并不难实现，也不排除有个别投资者通过这样的方式将人民币换成美元出境。但是操作难度和现实数据都显示出，这尚未成为一个趋势，否则比特币的境内外的价格会形成持续扩大的价差，但目前价差最多也只有2%-3%，更多的可能还是境内的投机盘。 This approach does not seem to be technically difficult to achieve, nor does it preclude individual investors from converting the renminbi into United States dollars. But both operational difficulties and realistic data suggest that this has not yet been a trend; otherwise prices in and out of Bitcoin will have a continuously widening price gap, but the current price gap is only 2 to 3 per cent, and more likely to be an internal speculative agenda. ? 不容忽视的投机风险 ? 比特币具有较高的投机风险。比特币交易市场容量较小，交易24小时连续开放，没有涨跌幅限制，价格容易被投机分子控制，产生剧烈波动，普通投资者盲目跟风容易遭受重大损失。同时，比特币的相关交易市场仍处于自发状态，投资者合法权益难以得到有效保障。 Bitcoin has a higher risk of speculation. Bitcoin deals have a smaller market capacity, transactions are open 24 hours a day, there are no limits on ups and downs, prices are easily controlled by speculators, there are high volatility, and ordinary investors are blindly exposed to significant losses. ? 较高的洗钱风险。由于比特币交易具有匿名性和不受地域限制的特点，其资金流向难以监测，为洗钱和恐怖融资活动提供了便利。 The risk of money-laundering is high. Money-laundering and terrorist financing are facilitated by the anonymity of transactions in bitcoin and by the fact that their financial flows are difficult to monitor without geographical restrictions. ? 被违法犯罪分子或组织利用的风险。目前，国际上已经出现了利用比特币进行的毒品、枪支交易等犯罪活动，相关案件已经被查处。同时，各比特币交易网站的状况参差不齐，一些网站没有经过合法注册，涉嫌非法经营；一些网站安全防范和抗风险能力差，容易发生黑客攻击或网站经营者卷款潜逃等事件。 At the same time, the status of the Bitcoin trading websites is uneven, some websites are not legally registered and suspected of operating illegally; some websites have poor security and risk-resistant capabilities, and are prone to hacking or absconding. ? 此外，还需要注意虚假交易风险。比特币交易平台刷量“凶猛”，导致普通投资者即便出高价也难以成交的情况，因为程序自卖自买，挂出来的比特币只可能由程序自己买到。刷出来的市场繁荣暗藏风险，一旦市场情况发生变化，普通投资者将成为“韭菜”。 In addition, there is a need to pay attention to the risks of false transactions. Bitcoin trading platforms are “breathingly” and make it difficult for ordinary investors to make a deal even if they pay a high price, because the procedure is sold out, and the hanging of bitcoins can only be bought by the program itself. ? △图自国际在线 Image from International Online 比特币投资理财是典型的旁氏骗局？ bitcoin investment finance is a typical Ponzi scheme? 由于比特币自身属性和多方面原因，比特币行业乱象丛生。不少业界人士认为，越来越多的人购买比特币是为了增值，而不是为了使用它作为一种支付方式，这明显说明比特币存在大量的泡沫。还有一些人认为，比特币是一种典型的旁氏骗局。关于比特币的争议从未消失过。 另外，“跑路”这个词在比特币交易平台内并不陌生。据媒体报道，2013年底，一家注册地在香港地区的比特币交易平台GBL跑路，投资人受损或超过2000万元。 据了解，包括比特币中国在内的很多比特币交易平台都没有第三方机构托管，一旦比特币平台跑路，投资者将措手不及。 为了规范比特币，2013年12月，中国人民银行、工业和信息化部等部门联合下发了《关于防范比特币风险的通知》，提醒比特币是特定虚拟商品，不具有与货币等同的法律地位，不能且不应作为货币在市场上流通使用，参与机构和个人应审慎从事比特币投资等活动，并承担相应责任和风险。 中国证券报10日报道称，继1月6日约谈国内三大比特币交易平台负责人后，监管部门近期将继续约见业内人士，讨论设立第三方比特币托管平台，确保比特币交易的安全。 ? （本文转自央视新闻微信号、中新网，编辑邮箱：shguancha@sina.com 题图来源：视觉中国 图片编辑：雍凯）
△火币网上关于加杠杆的操作示意
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