中国人民银行微信公号10月23日消息，为贯彻党的十九大、十九届四中全会、第五次全国金融工作会议等重要会议和习近平总书记关于金融工作的重要论述精神，落实十三届全国人大常委会立法规划，健全金融法治顶层设计，支持金融业稳健发展，人民银行积极推进《中华人民共和国中国人民银行法》修改工作，起草了《中华人民共和国中国人民银行法（修订草案征求意见稿）》，现向社会公开征求意见。公众可通过以下途径和方式提出反馈意见：
On 23 October, the People’s Bank of China informed us that, in follow-up to the Party’s 19th Congress, the 19th Session of the Plenary of the Plenary of the Plenary of the 4th Session, the 5th National Financial Work Conference and the important remarks of the Secretary-General of Xi Jinping on financial matters, the 13th session of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress had been given legislative planning, sound design of the highest level of the rule of law in finance and support for sound financial development. The People’s Bank actively promoted the revision of the People’s Bank of China Law and drafted the People’s People’s Republic of China People’s People’s Bank Law (drafted for comments) and made public comments to society. The public can provide feedback in the following ways and means:
1.通过电子邮件方式将意见发送至：tfszqyj@pbc.gov.cn。邮件标题请注明“中国人民银行法征求意见”字样。
Messages are sent by e-mail to: tfszqyj@pbc.gov.cn. For the title of the e-mail, please indicate the words “the People’s Bank of China Act for comments”.
2.通过信函方式将意见邮寄至：北京市西城区成方街32号中国人民银行条法司（邮编：100800），并请在信封上注明“中国人民银行法征求意见”字样。
The opinion was sent by letter to the Law Department of the People's Bank of China, 32nd Street, Chengfang Street, Beijing City, Beijing (ed.: 100800), and the letter was requested to indicate the words “the People's Bank of China Act for comments”.
3.将意见传真至：010－66072754。
3. Fax comments to: 010-66072754.
意见反馈截止时间为2020年11月23日。
The deadline for feedback is 23 November 2020.
中国人民银行
People's Bank of China & nbsp;
2020年10月23日
23 October 2020
关于《中华人民共和国中国人民银行法（修订草案征求意见稿）》的说明
Note by
《中华人民共和国中国人民银行法》（以下简称《中国人民银行法》）修改工作已列入十三届全国人大常委会立法规划和2020年立法计划。为深入贯彻落实党中央、国务院的金融改革部署，建设现代中央银行制度，人民银行组织起草了《中国人民银行法（修订草案征求意见稿）》（以下简称《征求意见稿》）。
The revision of the People's Bank of China Law (hereinafter referred to as the People's Bank of China Law) has been included in the legislative planning and the 2020 legislative plan of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. To further implement the Party's central and State Council's financial reform and deployment, and to build a modern central bank system, the People's Bank of China has drafted the People's Bank of China Law (for comments on the revised draft) (hereinafter referred to as the " For comments " ).
一、《中国人民银行法》修改的必要性
I. The need to amend the People's Bank of China Act
（一）落实中央金融改革部署，建设现代中央银行制度的需要。党的十九大、第五次全国金融工作会议对金融领域改革作出重大部署，要求坚决打好防范化解重大金融风险攻坚战，并确定了设立国务院金融稳定发展委员会、将拟订金融业重大法律法规草案和制定审慎监管基本制度的职责划入人民银行等一系列金融改革的重大内容。党的十九届四中全会明确提出要建设现代中央银行制度。在此基础上，党中央、国务院对人民银行履职提出了新要求，如强化宏观审慎管理和系统性金融风险防范，统筹监管系统重要性金融机构、金融控股公司和重要金融基础设施，统筹负责金融业综合统计，加大金融违法行为处罚力度等。这些内容需要在《中国人民银行法》中予以充分体现，为改革做好法律保障。
(i) Implementation of the central financial reform and the need to build a modern central bank system. On this basis, the Party’s 19th and 5th National Financial Work Conferences have made significant efforts to reform the financial sector, requiring determined efforts to prevent and mitigate major financial risks, and have defined the establishment of the State Council’s Committee for the Development of Financial Stability, the transfer of responsibility for the preparation of major draft laws and regulations and the development of basic systems of prudential supervision to the People’s Bank, among other key elements of financial reform. On this basis, the Party’s 19th plenary meeting, at its 4th plenary session, has clearly proposed the establishment of a modern central bank system. On this basis, the Party’s central and State Council has introduced new requirements for the functioning of the People’s Bank, such as strengthening macro-prudential management and systematic financial risk prevention, integrating financial institutions, financial control companies and critical financial infrastructure, and consolidating the responsibility for comprehensive financial sector statistics. These elements need to be fully reflected in the Chinese People’s Banking Act, as well as legal safeguards for reform.
（二）推进金融供给侧结构性改革，防范化解系统性金融风险的需要。近年来，经济金融形势出现重大变化，金融市场规模迅速扩张，金融创新层出不穷，金融业务交叉融合，互联网金融快速发展。同时，金融风险交叉传染、金融服务实体经济能力不足等现象不同程度存在，货币政策传导机制仍需进一步疏通。为更好适应社会经济高质量发展，党中央提出金融供给侧结构性改革，要求贯彻落实新发展理念，强化金融服务功能，平衡好稳增长和防风险的关系，精准有效处置重点领域风险，深化金融改革开放，增强金融服务实体经济的能力。为更好落实改革要求，需要完善金融宏观调控体系，健全货币政策和宏观审慎政策双支柱调控框架和逆周期调节机制，建立系统性风险处置机制，维护金融稳定。有必要通过修法，落实人民银行新职责要求，完善履职措施，在法律框架下推动金融业高质量发展，为社会经济发展营造良好金融环境。
In order to better adapt to high-quality socio-economic development, the Party’s central proposal for structural reforms on the financial supply side calls for the implementation of new development concepts, the enhancement of financial services functions, a balanced growth and risk-resistant relationship, the rapid expansion of financial markets, the proliferation of financial innovation, the cross-cutting integration of financial operations, and the rapid development of Internet finance. At the same time, there are varying degrees of cross-fertilization of financial risks, inadequate economic capacity of financial services entities, and the need for further bridging of monetary policy transmission mechanisms.
（三）符合国际金融监管改革的趋势。2008年国际金融危机以来，各国开始重新审视中央银行职能定位，普遍从法律层面强化中央银行在加强宏观审慎管理、维护金融稳定中的职能，突出中央银行防范和化解系统性金融风险的作用。许多国家的央行（货币当局）在处理金融危机过程中实行了变革，增加新的职责，创新监管手段。例如，美国《多德-弗兰克法案》将美联储的监管职责范围扩展至系统重要性的银行和非银行金融机构。英国《2012年金融服务法》在英格兰银行内部建立金融政策委员会和审慎监管局，前者负责宏观审慎政策制定、识别并防范化解系统性金融风险，后者负责对金融机构进行审慎监管。人民银行认真跟踪研究国际金融监管改革动态，并结合我国国情总结其中的有益经验，在《中国人民银行法》修改中予以体现。
Since the 2008 international financial crisis, countries have begun to re-examine the positioning of central banks, generally strengthening their role in strengthening macroprudential management and maintaining financial stability, and highlighting the role of central banks in preventing and addressing systemic financial risks. Many central banks (currency authorities) have introduced changes and added new responsibilities and innovative regulatory instruments in dealing with the financial crisis. For example, the Dodd-Frank Act of the United States extends the regulatory responsibilities of the Fed to systemically important banking and non-bank financial institutions.
二、《中国人民银行法》修改的主要工作和总体思路
II. Main work and general approach to the revision of the People's Bank of China Act
人民银行高度重视《中国人民银行法》修改工作，组织专门人员对修法相关问题进行深入研究，多次开展实地调研，长期跟踪研究相关国际经验，起草了修订草案。2019年10月至2020年7月，先后征求了中央和国家机关有关部门、业内专家学者的意见。在充分吸收各方面意见的基础上，修改形成《征求意见稿》。
The People's Bank of China attaches great importance to the revision of the Law on the People's Bank of China and has organized specialized personnel to conduct in-depth studies on issues related to the revision of the Law, to conduct numerous field studies, to follow up on international experience on a long-term basis and to prepare draft amendments. From October 2019 to July 2020, the opinion of experts from the relevant departments of the central and State institutions and the industry was sought.
修改本法的总体思路是：以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，按照党的十九大、十九届四中全会、第五次全国金融工作会议以及习近平总书记关于金融工作重要论述精神和要求，紧紧围绕服务实体经济、防控金融风险、深化金融改革三项任务，建设现代中央银行制度。一是坚持国内实践与国际经验相结合。立足我国国情，在总结近年来金融宏观调控和风险处置实践经验的基础上，将条件成熟、行之有效的制度在修法中予以体现，同时充分借鉴危机后各国中央银行立法先进经验及相关国际准则。二是始终坚持问题导向，确保改革有的放矢。把保持币值稳定，把好货币总闸门，坚决打好防范化解重大金融风险攻坚战，维护经济社会安全稳定，不断强化民营小微企业和脱贫攻坚金融服务，引导金融更好服务实体经济等重大问题作为改革的核心和主线，贯穿修法工作的全过程。三是坚持市场化、法治化的政策导向。发挥市场在金融资源配置中的决定性作用，完善市场化调控方式，推动金融业双向开放，减少和消除不必要的行政约束，提升资源配置效率，不断优化营商环境。同时坚持不发生系统性金融风险的底线，健全行政监管制度，完善制度抓手，强化市场主体责任，严格监管要求。
The general thrust of this Act is to build a modern system of central banks, guided by the spirit and requirements of the Party's 19th Congress, the 19th Plenary Session, the 5th National Financial Work Conference and the Secretary-General of Xi Jinping regarding the importance of financial work, focusing closely on the three tasks of servicing the economy, preventing financial risks and deepening financial reform. First, to maintain domestic practice in conjunction with international experience. Based on our national circumstances, and taking stock of the experience of recent years in financial macro-regulation and risk management practices, to make well-established and functioning institutions the core and main points of change, drawing fully on the best legislative experience of central banks and relevant international norms. Second, to maintain a consistent focus on reform, to ensure that the objectives of the reform are meted out.
三、《征求意见稿》的主要内容
III. MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE RESPONSE TEXT
《征求意见稿》包括总则、组织机构、人民币、业务、监督管理职责、监督管理措施、财务会计、法律责任和附则，共9章73条。
The consultation draft includes general provisions, organizational bodies, renminbi, operations, supervisory and regulatory duties, supervisory and regulatory measures, financial accounting, legal liability and by-laws, in nine chapters, 73 articles.
（一）强调金融服务实体经济，加强金融宏观调控。《征求意见稿》将“促进金融服务实体经济”明确写入立法目的,引导金融体系回归服务实体经济的根本定位。为更好地进行金融宏观调控，服务我国经济高质量发展，《征求意见稿》从全局出发，明确了人民银行制定和执行宏观审慎政策的职责定位，提升货币政策和信贷政策监管的有效性（第一条、第二条、第三十三条）。
(i) Emphasis is placed on the financial services real economy and financial macro-regulations are strengthened. The "Promotion of the financial services real economy" is explicitly included in the "Advancement of the financial services real economy" for legislative purposes, leading the financial system back to the fundamental orientation of the services real economy. In order to better manage the financial macro-regulation and to serve the high quality of the development of the country's economy, the "Appropriate draft" defines the role of the People's Bank in formulating and implementing macroprudential policies from a global perspective, and enhances the effectiveness of monetary and credit policy regulation (arts. 1, 2, 33).
（二）落实党中央、国务院对人民银行的新职责要求。根据党和国家机构改革方案、国务院机构改革方案以及人民银行“三定”方案，《征求意见稿》修改完善了人民银行的职责，明确拟订金融业重大法律法规草案、制定审慎监管基本制度、牵头负责系统性金融风险防范和应急处置、三个“统筹”、组织实施国家金融安全审查等职责；落实金融稳定发展委员会办公室的职责，加强监管协调与信息共享（第五条、第十条）。
(ii) Implement the new responsibilities of the Party Central and the State Council vis-à-vis the People's Bank. In accordance with the Party's and State Agency Reform Programme, the State Council Institutional Reform Programme and the People's Bank's “Three Final” Programme, the Consultation Draft revised and refined the responsibilities of the People's Bank by clearly formulating major draft laws and regulations for the financial sector, developing a basic system of prudential supervision, leading responsibility for systemic financial risk prevention and emergency response, three “integrated” and organizing the implementation of the National Financial Security Review, etc.; and implement the responsibilities of the Office of the Financial Stability Development Board to strengthen oversight coordination and information-sharing (arts. 5 and 10).
（三）建立货币政策和宏观审慎政策双支柱调控框架。《征求意见稿》完善了货币政策工具箱，适度增加货币政策工具的灵活性，保证货币政策调控科学合理有效（第二十五条）。为填补宏观审慎政策的制度空白，《征求意见稿》建立宏观审慎政策框架，明确宏观审慎政策目标，以加强逆周期调节和穿透式监管为重点，健全金融机构逆周期资本缓冲、风险准备金、压力测试等宏观审慎政策工具箱（第四条、第三十四条）。
(iii) Establishment of a two-pillar regulatory framework for monetary policy and macroprudential policy. The exposure draft perfects the monetary policy toolbox, increases modestly the flexibility of monetary policy instruments and ensures that monetary policy regulation science is reasonably effective (art. 25). In order to fill the institutional gap in macroprudential policy, the exposure draft establishes a macroprudential policy framework with clear macroprudential policy objectives, with a focus on strengthening countercyclical regulation and penetrating regulation, and robust macroprudential policy toolboxes such as countercyclical capital buffers, risk reserves and stress testing for financial institutions (arts. 4 and 34).
（四）健全系统重要性金融机构、金融控股公司和重要金融基础设施的统筹监管制度。明确系统重要性金融机构的评估、识别、监测分析、并表监管以及恢复和处置计划的制定实施。明确金融控股公司的审批和监管规定。明确重要金融基础设施的建设规划、认定、检查评估和监管（第三十五条、第三十六条、第三十九条、第五十四条）。此外，《征求意见稿》还完善了金融业综合统计管理和信息报送规定（第四十条）。
(iv) Sound integrated regulatory systems for systemically important financial institutions, financial holding companies and critical financial infrastructure. Identification of systemically important financial institutions for assessment, identification, monitoring and analysis, monitoring and monitoring, as well as for the implementation of recovery and disposal plans. Clarification of approval and regulatory requirements for financial holding companies. Clarification of planning, identification, inspection, evaluation and supervision of critical financial infrastructure (arts. 35, 36, 39 and 54). In addition, comprehensive statistical management and reporting requirements for the financial sector have been refined in the exposure draft (art. 40).
（五）进一步发挥人民银行维护金融稳定和防范、处置系统性金融风险的作用。《征求意见稿》规定了人民银行对金融体系整体的稳健性状况进行监测评估，牵头防范和化解系统性金融风险；建立明确的金融风险处置责任体系，完善系统性金融风险处置措施，包括监督问题机构实施自救、对债权人依法实施债务减记、提供流动性支持、设立特殊目的实体等（第三十七条、第五十五条）。
(v) Further develop the role of the People's Bank in maintaining financial stability and preventing and dealing with systemic financial risks. The " exposure draft " provides for the People's Bank to monitor and assess the overall robustness of the financial system and take the lead in preventing and addressing systemic financial risks; establish a clear system of responsibility for financial risk management; and improve measures for systemic financial risk management, including supervision of self-help by problem agencies, the implementation of debt write-downs for creditors in accordance with the law, the provision of liquidity support, the establishment of special purpose entities, etc. (arts. 37 and 55).
（六）完善人民币管理规定。《征求意见稿》规定人民币包括实物形式和数字形式，为发行数字货币提供法律依据；防范虚拟货币风险，明确任何单位和个人禁止制作和发售数字代币（第十九条、第二十二条）。
(vi) To improve the regulations governing the renminbi. The Draft Opinion provides that the renminbi includes both physical and digital forms and provides a legal basis for issuing digital currency; to guard against the risk of virtual currency and to make it clear that any unit or individual prohibits the production and sale of digital tokens (arts. 19 and 22).
（七）完善人民银行的治理制度。继续坚持中国人民银行不直接认购、包销国债和其他政府债券，不向地方政府提供贷款的原则（第三十二条）。为保证中央银行资产负债表持续健康稳定，《征求意见稿》规定人民银行制定中央银行会计制度和独立的财务预算管理制度，报经国务院批准后组织实施，保持公开透明，依法接受审计监督；完善财务缓冲和利润分配制度，增加对金融风险的应对能力（第五十七条至第五十九条）。
(vii) Improve the governance system of the People's Bank. Continue to adhere to the principle that the People's Bank of China does not directly subscribe to, charter and cancel state debt and other government bonds and does not provide loans to local governments (art. 32). In order to guarantee the continued healthy stability of the balance sheet of the Central Bank, the Draft Comments provide for the Bank to develop a central bank's accounting system and an independent financial and budgetary management system, to be implemented with the approval of the State Council, to be organized in an open and transparent manner and subject to audit supervision in accordance with the law; and to improve the financial buffer and profit distribution system to increase its responsiveness to financial risks (arts. 57-59).
（八）健全人民银行的履职手段，加大对金融违法行为的处罚力度。坚持依法履职是现代中央银行制度的内在要求，《征求意见稿》以依法行政为原则，提升法治能力，完善人民银行履职所需的检查监督和监管措施规定，增加限期整改、整改承诺制度（第四十七条至第五十条、第五十六条、第六十六条）。针对金融市场违法成本低的问题，《征求意见稿》加大对金融违法行为的处罚力度，规定对情节严重的违法行为可以加重处罚，罚款上限提高至二千万元；对取得人民银行许可的机构增加责令暂停业务、吊销许可证、市场禁入等处罚措施（第六十一条）。
(viii) To improve the functioning of the People's Bank and to increase the penalties for financial offences. The adherence to the rule of law is an inherent requirement of the modern system of central banks. The Opinion Draft, which is based on the principle of the administration of the law, enhances the capacity of the rule of law, improves the inspection and monitoring measures required for the performance of the functions of the People's Bank, and increases the system of limitation and modification of commitments (arts. 47-50, 56, 66). In response to the low cost of violations of the law in financial markets, the Opinion Draft increases the penalties for financial offences by providing for an increase in the penalties for serious offences, raising the maximum fine to 20 million yuan; and increases the penalties imposed on institutions licensed by the People's Bank for suspension of operations, cancellation of licences and ban on entry into the market (art. 61).
中华人民共和国中国人民银行法
The People's Bank of China Law of the People's Republic of China
（修订草案征求意见稿）
(Advisory draft of the revised draft)
第一章 总则
Chapter I & nbsp; & nbsp; General provisions
第一条（立法目的） 为了确立中国人民银行的地位，明确其职责，保证国家货币政策和宏观审慎政策的正确制定和执行，建立和完善中央银行宏观调控体系，维护金融稳定，促进金融服务实体经济，制定本法。
Article 1 (Purpose of legislation) establishes the status of the People's Bank of China, clarifies its responsibilities, guarantees the correct formulation and implementation of national monetary and macroprudential policies, establishes and perfects the central bank's system of macro-regulation, preserves financial stability, promotes the financial services entity economy, and formulates this law. & nbsp; & nbsp;
第二条（职责定位） 中国人民银行是中华人民共和国的中央银行。
Article II (Placing of duties) The People's Bank of China is the central bank of the People's Republic of China.
中国人民银行在国务院领导下，制定和执行货币政策、宏观审慎政策，防范和化解金融风险，维护金融稳定。
Under the leadership of the State Council, the People's Bank of China formulates and implements monetary and macroprudential policies to prevent and mitigate financial risks and to maintain financial stability.
第三条（货币政策目标） 货币政策目标是保持货币币值的稳定，并以此促进经济增长。
Article III (Money policy objectives) The objective of monetary policy is to maintain the stability of the currency and thereby promote economic growth.
第四条（宏观审慎政策目标） 宏观审慎政策目标是防范系统性金融风险的顺周期积累，以及跨机构、跨行业和跨市场传染，以维护金融体系的健康与稳定。
Article IV (Macroprudential Policy Objectives). The macroprudential policy objective is to protect against the pro-cyclical accumulation of systemic financial risks, as well as cross-institutional, inter-industry and cross-market transmission, in order to maintain the health and stability of the financial system.
第五条（主要职责） 中国人民银行履行下列职责：
Article 5 (Main duties) The People's Bank of China performs the following duties:
（一）拟订金融业重大法律法规草案，制定审慎监管基本制度，发布与履行职责有关的命令、规章；
(i) Preparation of major draft laws and regulations for the financial sector, establishment of a basic system of prudential supervision and issuance of orders and regulations relating to the performance of their duties;
（二）制定和执行货币政策、信贷政策，负责宏观审慎管理；
(ii) Designing and implementing monetary and credit policies that are responsible for macroprudential management;
（三）负责金融控股公司等金融集团和系统重要性金融机构基本规则制定、监测分析与并表监管，牵头交叉性金融业务的基本规则制定和监测评估；
(iii) Responsible for the development, monitoring analysis and tabulation of basic rules for financial groups and systemically important financial institutions, such as financial holding companies, leading the development and monitoring and evaluation of basic rules for cross-cutting financial operations;
（四）牵头负责系统性金融风险防范和处置,组织实施存款保险制度，根据授权管理存款保险基金；
(iv) Lead in systemic financial risk prevention and disposal, organize deposit insurance systems and administer deposit insurance funds in accordance with delegated authority;
（五）牵头国家金融安全工作协调机制，组织实施国家金融安全审查工作；
(v) Lead the national financial security coordination mechanism and organize the implementation of the national financial security review;
（六）监督管理银行间债券市场、货币市场、外汇市场、票据市场、黄金市场及上述市场有关场外衍生产品；
(vi) Supervising the regulation of inter-bank bond markets, currency markets, foreign exchange markets, paper markets, gold markets and off-site derivatives related to those markets;
（七）牵头负责重要金融基础设施建设规划并统筹实施监管；
(vii) Lead key financial infrastructure development planning and integrated regulatory implementation;
（八）制定和实施人民币汇率政策，负责人民币跨境管理；
(viii) Development and implementation of the RMB exchange rate policy, which is responsible for the cross-border management of the RMB;
（九）管理国家外汇管理局，实施外汇管理和跨境资金流动管理，维护国际收支平衡，持有、管理和经营国家外汇储备和黄金储备；
(ix) Managing the National Foreign Exchange Administration, managing foreign exchange and cross-border financial flows, maintaining balance of payments, holding, managing and operating national foreign exchange reserves and gold reserves;
（十）负责金融业综合统计、调查、分析和预测；
(x) Responsible for comprehensive statistics, surveys, analyses and projections of the financial sector;
（十一）负责金融标准化和金融科技工作，指导金融业网络安全和信息化工作，指导监督金融业关键信息基础设施安全保护工作，制定金融数据安全监管基本规则；
(xi) Responsible for financial standardization and financial science and technology, guiding financial industry network security and informatization, guiding supervision of financial industry critical information infrastructure security protection and establishing basic rules for financial data security regulation;
（十二）发行人民币，管理人民币流通；
(xii) Issue the renminbi and regulate its circulation;
（十三）统筹国家支付体系建设并实施监督管理；
(xiii) Integrated national payment system development and oversight;
（十四）经理国库；
(xiv) Managerial treasury;
（十五）牵头负责全国反洗钱和反恐怖融资工作；
(xv) Lead national efforts to combat money-laundering and terrorist financing;
（十六）管理征信业和信用评级业，推动建立社会信用体系；
(xvi) Managing the credit collection and credit rating industries and promoting the establishment of social credit systems;
（十七）制定金融消费者保护基本制度，牵头建立金融消费者保护协调机制；
(xvii) Development of a basic financial consumer protection regime leading to the establishment of a financial consumer protection coordination mechanism;
（十八）作为国家的中央银行，从事有关国际金融活动，开展国际金融合作，会同其他金融监督管理部门推进金融业对外开放；
(xviii) To act as the central bank of a country in international financial activities and international financial cooperation, and to promote the openness of the financial sector with other financial supervisory authorities;
（十九）党中央、国务院规定的其他职责。
(xix) Other responsibilities established by the Party Central and the State Council.
中国人民银行可以依照本法第四章的有关规定从事金融业务活动。
The People's Bank of China may carry out financial operations in accordance with the relevant provisions of chapter IV of this Law.
第六条（货币政策） 中国人民银行就利率、汇率和国务院规定的其他重要事项作出的决定，报国务院批准后执行。
Article VI. Monetary policy. Decisions of the People's Bank of China on interest rates, exchange rates and other important matters specified by the State Council are reported to the State Council for approval and implementation.
中国人民银行就前款规定以外的其他有关货币政策事项作出决定后，即予执行，并报国务院备案。
The People's Bank of China implements the decision on matters relating to monetary policy other than those provided for in the preceding paragraph and submits it to the State Council for filing.
第七条（工作报告制度） 中国人民银行应当向全国人民代表大会常务委员会提出有关货币政策情况和金融业运行情况的工作报告。
Article VII (Reporting system) The People's Bank of China shall submit to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress a report on the monetary policy situation and the functioning of the financial sector.
第八条（独立性） 中国人民银行在国务院领导下依法独立执行货币政策，履行职责，开展业务，不受地方政府、各级政府部门、社会团体和个人的干涉。
Article 8 (Independence) The People's Bank of China, under the authority of the State Council, carries out monetary policy independently and in accordance with the law, performs its duties and operates without interference from local governments, government departments at all levels, social groups and individuals.
第九条（资本） 中国人民银行的全部资本由国家出资，属于国家所有。
Article 9 (capital) The entire capital of the People's Bank of China is State-funded and owned by the State.
第十条（协调机制） 国务院金融稳定发展委员会统筹协调金融改革发展和稳定工作。国务院金融稳定发展委员会办公室设在中国人民银行，协调建立中央与地方金融监管、风险处置、金融消费权益保护、信息共享等协作机制。
Article X (Coordination mechanism) The Financial Stability and Development Committee of the State Council coordinates the development and stabilization of financial reforms. The Office of the Financial Stability and Development Committee of the State Council is located at the People's Bank of China and coordinates the establishment of coordination mechanisms between the central and local financial supervision, risk management, protection of financial consumption rights and interests, and information-sharing.
第二章 组织机构
Chapter II & nbsp; & nbsp; Organizational body
第十一条（行长任免） 中国人民银行设行长一人，副行长若干人。
Article 11 (Resignation and removal of the President) The People's Bank of China has a President and a number of Vice-Presidents.
中国人民银行行长的人选，根据国务院总理的提名，由全国人民代表大会决定；全国人民代表大会闭会期间，由全国人民代表大会常务委员会决定，由中华人民共和国主席任免。中国人民银行副行长由国务院总理任免。
The election of the Governor of the People's Bank of China is decided by the General People's Congress, on the basis of a nomination by the Prime Minister of the State Council; between sessions of the National People's Congress, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress decides that the President of the People's Republic of China shall be appointed and removed; and the Vice-President of the People's Bank of China is appointed and removed by the Prime Minister of the State Council.
第十二条（行长负责制） 中国人民银行实行行长负责制。行长领导中国人民银行的工作，副行长协助行长工作。
Article XII (Presidential responsibility) The People’s Bank of China is accountable. The Governor directs the work of the People’s Bank of China and the Vice-President assists the President.
第十三条（货币政策委员会） 中国人民银行设立货币政策委员会。货币政策委员会的职责、组成和工作程序，由国务院规定，报全国人民代表大会常务委员会备案。
Article XIII (Money Policy Committee) The People's Bank of China establishes the Monetary Policy Committee. The functions, composition and working procedures of the Monetary Policy Committee are defined by the State Council and reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for filing.
中国人民银行货币政策委员会应当在国家宏观调控、货币政策制定和调整中，发挥重要作用。
The Monetary Policy Committee of the People's Bank of China should play an important role in national macro-regulation, monetary policy formulation and adjustment.
第十四条（分支机构） 中国人民银行根据履行职责的需要设立分支机构，作为中国人民银行的派出机构。中国人民银行对分支机构实行统一领导和管理。
Article 14 (Subsidiary Branch) The People's Bank of China establishes branches as a dispatch agency of the People's Bank of China, as required for the performance of its duties.
中国人民银行的分支机构根据中国人民银行的授权，履行相关职责，承办有关业务，维护本辖区的金融稳定。
The branches of the People's Bank of China, under the authority of the People's Bank of China, perform related duties, perform related operations and maintain financial stability in their territories.
中国人民银行的分支机构实行行员制度。
The branches of the People's Bank of China operate a staff system.
第十五条（廉政要求） 中国人民银行的行长、副行长及其他工作人员应当恪尽职守，不得滥用职权、徇私舞弊，不得违规在任何经济组织、社会组织等单位兼职。
Article XV (Integrity requirements). The Governor, Vice-President and other staff of the People's Bank of China shall exercise due diligence and shall not abuse their position of authority or influence, nor shall they break the law and work part-time in any economic, social or other organization.
第十六条（保密要求） 中国人民银行的行长、副行长及其他工作人员，应当依法保守国家秘密，并有责任为与履行其职责有关的金融机构及当事人保守秘密。
Article 16 (Secrecy requirement) The Governor, Vice-President and other staff of the People's Bank of China shall keep State secrets in accordance with the law and shall have the duty to keep them secret for the financial institutions and persons concerned with the performance of their duties.
第十七条（内控建设） 中国人民银行应当建立、健全本系统的审计、监督制度，加强内部管理。
Article 17 (Internal Control and Construction) The People's Bank of China shall establish and maintain a system of auditing and supervision of the system and strengthen its internal management.
第三章 人民币
Chapter III & nbsp; & nbsp; renminbi
第十八条（人民币的法偿性） 中华人民共和国的法定货币是人民币。以人民币支付中华人民共和国境内的一切公共的和私人的债务，任何单位和个人不得拒收。
Article 18 (Legal compensatory of the renminbi). The legal currency of the People's Republic of China is the renminbi. All public and private debts in the territory of the People's Republic of China shall be paid in the renminbi and shall not be rejected by any establishment or individual.
第十九条（人民币单位） 人民币的单位为元，人民币辅币单位为角、分。
Article 19 (the renminbi unit) The currency of the yuan is the dollar, and the currency of the renminbi is the corner and the number of points.
人民币包括实物形式和数字形式。
The renminbi includes both physical and digital forms.
第二十条（人民币发行） 人民币由中国人民银行统一制作、发行。
The renminbi is produced and distributed by the People's Bank of China.
中国人民银行发行新版人民币，应当将发行时间、面额、图案、式样、规格等予以公告。
The People's Bank of China issues a new edition of the renminbi, which should be announced as to its timing, volume, pattern, style, specifications, etc.
第二十一条（禁止规定） 禁止伪造、变造人民币。禁止出售、购买伪造、变造的人民币。禁止运输、持有、使用伪造、变造的人民币。禁止故意毁损人民币。禁止制作、仿制、买卖人民币图样。禁止在宣传品、出版物或者其他商品上非法使用人民币图样。
Article 21 (Prohibited provisions) prohibits counterfeiting and counterfeiting of the renminbi. It prohibits the sale, purchase or purchase of counterfeiting or counterfeiting of the renminbi. It prohibits the transport, possession, use or alteration of the renminbi. It is prohibited to deliberately damage the renminbi. It is prohibited to make, copy or buy and sell images of the renminbi. It prohibits the illegal use of images of the renminbi on propaganda items, publications or other goods.
第二十二条（代币） 任何单位和个人不得制作、发售代币票券和数字代币，以代替人民币在市场上流通。
Article 22 (Bills) No unit or individual may produce, issue or sell bills and digital tokens in lieu of the renminbi in the market.
第二十三条（不宜流通人民币） 残缺、污损等不宜流通的人民币，按照中国人民银行的规定兑换、收回、销毁。
Article 23 (not appropriate for the circulation of the renminbi)
特定版别的人民币停止流通，应当报国务院批准，并由中国人民银行公告。
The specific edition of the RMB shall cease to circulate and shall be submitted to the State Council for approval and shall be announced by the People's Bank of China.
第二十四条（发行库和发行基金管理） 中国人民银行设立人民币发行库，根据需要可设立代理人民币发行库或对发行基金进行托管。下级发行库调拨人民币发行基金，应当按照上级发行库的调拨命令办理。任何单位和个人不得违反规定，动用发行基金。
The lower distribution bank allocates funds to issue funds in accordance with the order of the higher distribution bank. No unit or individual may use the distribution fund in violation of the regulations.
第四章 业务
Chapter IV & nbsp; & nbsp; operations
第二十五条（货币政策工具） 中国人民银行为执行货币政策，可以运用下列货币政策工具：
Article 25 (Money policy instruments) The People's Bank of China can use the following monetary policy instruments to implement monetary policy:
（一）要求金融机构按照规定交存准备金；
(i) Require financial institutions to deposit reserves as required;
（二）确定中央银行政策利率；
(ii) Determination of central bank policy interest rates;
（三）为银行业金融机构办理再贴现；
(iii) Rediscounting of banking financial institutions;
（四）向商业银行、农村信用合作社、农村合作银行、政策性银行、开发性银行提供贷款；
(iv) Providing loans to commercial banks, rural credit unions, rural cooperative banks, policy banks and development banks;
（五）公开市场操作；
(v) Open market operations;
（六）国务院确定的其他货币政策工具。
(vi) Other monetary policy instruments identified by the Department of State.
中国人民银行为执行货币政策，运用前款所列货币政策工具时，可以规定具体的条件和程序。
The People's Bank of China may lay down specific conditions and procedures for the implementation of monetary policy, using the monetary policy instruments listed in the preceding paragraph.
第二十六条（履职平台） 中国人民银行为经营管理外汇和黄金储备，可以设立专门的经营管理机构，获取经营收益，并对经营管理机构的资本、资产、业务及重大事项决策实施管理与监督。
Article 26 (Platform for the performance of functions) The People's Bank of China, in order to operate the management of foreign exchange and gold reserves, may establish a special operating management body to obtain the proceeds of its operations and exercise management and supervision over the management of its capital, assets, operations and decisions on matters of importance.
中国人民银行为履行职责，可以设立其他必要的履职平台并对其实施管理。
In order to carry out its duties, the People's Bank of China may establish and administer other necessary platforms for the performance of its functions.
第二十七条（经理国库） 中国人民银行依照法律、行政法规的规定经理国库。
Article 27 (Manager's Treasury) The People's Bank of China manages the Treasury in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations.
中国人民银行可以代理国务院财政部门向各金融机构组织发行、兑付国债和其他政府债券。
The People's Bank of China may issue and pay state debt and other government bonds on behalf of the State Council's finance department to financial institutions.
第二十八条（账户开立） 中国人民银行根据申请，可以为金融机构、非银行支付机构、清算机构等开立账户，但不得对账户透支。
Article 28 (Opening of accounts) The People's Bank of China may, on application, open accounts for financial institutions, non-bank payment agencies, clearing institutions, etc., but may not overdraft accounts.
第二十九条（支付业务） 中国人民银行应当组织或者协助组织金融机构、非金融机构及其相互之间的资金清算、结算系统建设，协调金融机构、非金融机构及其相互之间的清算事项，提供资金清算、结算服务。具体办法由中国人民银行制定。
Article 29 (Paying operations) The People’s Bank of China shall organize or assist in the organization of financial institutions, non-financial institutions and the construction of a system for the settlement of funds between them, coordinate the liquidation of financial institutions, non-financial institutions and between them, and provide financial liquidation and settlement services.
中国人民银行会同有关部门制定支付结算业务规则。
The People's Bank of China, in conjunction with the relevant departments, will establish rules for the payment settlement operations.
第三十条（国际金融服务） 中国人民银行可以根据需要，为境外央行、国际金融组织等机构提供金融服务。
Article 30 (International financial services) The People's Bank of China can provide financial services to institutions such as offshore central banks and international financial organizations, as required.
第三十一条（贷款的条件及使用规定） 中国人民银行提供贷款的，可以决定贷款的数额、期限、利率和方式。中国人民银行可以要求借款方提供担保，并确定担保的种类和方式。
Article 31 (Conditions and conditions for the use of loans) The People’s Bank of China may determine the amount, duration, interest rate and manner of the loan.
中国人民银行发放的贷款资金应当按规定使用，任何单位或个人不得挪用，尚未使用的贷款资金不得冻结或划扣。
The loan funds issued by the People's Bank of China shall be used in accordance with the regulations, no unit or individual shall be embezzled, and no loan funds that have not been used shall be frozen or withheld.
第三十二条（贷款禁止） 中国人民银行不得对政府财政透支，不得直接认购、包销国债和其他政府债券。
(b) The People's Bank of China shall not overspent the Government's finances and shall not directly subscribe to, charter or cancel State debt and other government bonds.
中国人民银行不得向地方政府、各级政府部门提供贷款，不得向非银行金融机构以及其他单位和个人提供贷款，但国务院决定中国人民银行可以向特定的非银行金融机构提供贷款的除外。
The People's Bank of China shall not make loans available to local governments and government departments at all levels, nor to non-bank financial institutions, as well as other entities and individuals, except where the State Council decides that the Bank of China may make loans to specific non-bank financial institutions.
中国人民银行不得向任何单位和个人提供担保。
The People's Bank of China shall not provide guarantees to any entity or individual.
第五章 监督管理职责
Chapter V & nbsp; & nbsp; Oversight management responsibilities
第三十三条（货币信贷监管） 中国人民银行对金融机构执行货币政策和信贷政策的情况实施监督管理。
Article 33 (Monitoring of monetary credit) The People's Bank of China exercises supervision over the implementation of monetary and credit policies by financial institutions.
第三十四条（宏观审慎管理） 中国人民银行牵头建立宏观审慎政策框架，制定和执行宏观审慎政策，可以运用下列宏观审慎政策工具：
Article 34 (Macroprudential Management) The People's Bank of China takes the lead in establishing a macroprudential policy framework and in formulating and implementing macroprudential policies, using the following macroprudential policy tools: & nbsp;
（一）金融机构逆周期资本缓冲、系统重要性附加资本、动态拨备计提以及针对特定部门资本要求等资本管理要求；
(i) Capital management requirements such as counter-cyclical capital buffers for financial institutions, additional capital of systemic importance, dynamic provisioning and sector-specific capital requirements;
（二）金融机构杠杆率、贷款价值比、贷款收入比、风险资产权重、同业资产（负债）比例要求以及大额风险敞口限制等资产管理要求；
(ii) Asset management requirements such as leverage by financial institutions, loan value ratios, loan income ratios, risk asset weights, peer asset (liability) ratios and large exposure limits;
（三）金融机构流动性覆盖比例、净稳定融资比例等流动性管理要求；
(iii) Liquidity management requirements such as liquidity coverage by financial institutions and net stable financing ratios;
（四）风险准备金等逆周期调节工具；
(iv) Counter-cyclical reconciliation tools such as risk reserves;
（五）交易费率、保证金比率、杠杆率等金融市场或金融基础设施管理工具；
(v) Financial market or financial infrastructure management instruments such as transaction rates, bond ratios, leverage rates, etc.;
（六）宏观审慎压力测试；
(vi) Macroprudential stress testing;
（七）国务院确定的其他宏观审慎管理工具。
(vii) Other macroprudential management tools identified by the Department of State.
第三十五条（系统重要性金融机构监管） 中国人民银行牵头评估和识别系统重要性金融机构，组织制定实施系统重要性金融机构恢复和处置计划，对系统重要性金融机构实施监测分析和并表监管。
Article 35 (Monitoring of systemically significant financial institutions) The People's Bank of China takes the lead in the assessment and identification of system important financial institutions, organizes the development of plans for the rehabilitation and disposal of system important financial institutions and exercises monitoring analysis and supervision of system important financial institutions.
第三十六条（金融控股公司许可及监管） 中国人民银行负责建立健全金融控股公司监管制度，依法对金融控股公司实施监管，审批金融控股公司的设立、变更、合并、分立、解散、破产及业务范围。
Article 36 (Rictation and supervision of financial holding companies) The People's Bank of China is responsible for establishing a sound system of supervision of financial holding companies, exercising control over financial holding companies in accordance with the law, and approving the establishment, change, consolidation, separation, dissolution, bankruptcy and scope of operations of financial holding companies.
未经中国人民银行批准，任何单位或者个人不得使用“金融控股”、“金融集团”或者近似的名称。
No unit or individual may use “financial holding”, “financial group” or similar names without the approval of the People's Bank of China.
第三十七条（金融稳定） 中国人民银行监测评估金融体系整体的稳健性状况，牵头提出防范和化解系统性金融风险的政策建议、处置方案并组织实施，实施国家金融安全审查。
Article 37 (Financial stability) The People's Bank of China monitors and evaluates the soundness of the financial system as a whole, takes the lead in formulating policy recommendations, programmes for dealing with systemic financial risk prevention and resolution and organizes and implements national financial security reviews.
第三十八条（金融市场管理） 中国人民银行牵头拟订金融市场发展规划，协调金融市场监督管理及相关政策，监测金融市场运行情况，对金融市场实施宏观审慎管理，促进其协调发展。
Article 38 (Management of financial markets) The People's Bank of China takes the lead in drawing up development plans for financial markets, coordinating financial market supervision and related policies, monitoring the performance of financial markets, exercising macroprudential management of financial markets and promoting their coordinated development.
第三十九条（金融基础设施监管） 中国人民银行负责制定重要金融基础设施建设规划并统筹组织实施，推进金融基础设施互联互通并拟订相关业务规则，统筹建立覆盖全市场的交易报告制度，建设并运营总交易报告库。
Article 39 (Monitoring of financial infrastructure) The People's Bank of China is responsible for planning and organizing the implementation of critical financial infrastructure, promoting financial infrastructure connectivity and developing relevant operational rules, establishing a system for reporting transactions covering the entire market, and building and operating a general transaction reporting bank.
中国人民银行牵头制定金融基础设施监督管理规则，组织对金融基础设施进行检查评估，对系统重要性金融基础设施提出认定意见并实施宏观审慎管理。
The People's Bank of China has taken the lead in developing rules for the supervision and management of financial infrastructure, organizing inspections and assessments of financial infrastructure, making determinations on systemically important financial infrastructure and implementing macroprudential management.
中国人民银行批准设立并监督管理银行间市场基础设施、基础征信系统、重要支付系统及其运营机构，会同相关国务院金融监督管理部门批准设立证券业、期货业以外的其他金融基础设施，并实施功能监管。
The People's Bank of China has approved the establishment and supervision of inter-bank market infrastructure, basic mail systems, major payment systems and their operating agencies. It has approved, together with the relevant State Council financial supervision authorities, the establishment of financial infrastructure other than the securities and futures industries and the implementation of functional supervision.
第四十条（金融统计） 中国人民银行负责制定金融业综合统计标准和制度，建设国家金融基础数据库，收集、管理全国金融业统计数据、信息，编制全国金融统计数据、报表，并按照国家有关规定予以公布。
Article 40 (Financial statistics) The People's Bank of China is responsible for developing comprehensive statistical standards and systems for the financial sector, building a national financial base database, collecting and managing national financial statistics and information, preparing national financial statistics and statements and publishing them in accordance with the relevant national regulations.
中国人民银行负责服务中央银行政策的调查分析及预测。
The People's Bank of China is responsible for the analysis and forecasting of policies that serve the Central Bank.
第四十一条（金融业关键信息基础设施安全保护监督） 中国人民银行负责制定金融业关键信息基础设施安全规划，组织认定金融业关键信息基础设施，推动制定行业标准规范，建立网络安全监测预警通报制度和应急工作体系，组织风险评估和应急演练。
Article 41 (Monitoring of the security protection of critical information infrastructure in the financial sector) The People's Bank of China is responsible for developing a security plan for critical information infrastructure in the financial sector, organizing the identification of critical information infrastructure in the financial sector, promoting the development of industry standards, establishing an early warning notification system for cybersecurity monitoring and emergency response systems, and organizing risk assessment and emergency response exercises.
第四十二条（支付服务市场监管） 中国人民银行依法对非银行支付机构、清算机构及其他支付服务组织实施监管，负责审批非银行支付机构、银行卡清算机构的设立、变更、终止和业务范围，具体办法由中国人民银行另行规定。
Article 42 (Monitoring of payment services market) The People's Bank of China, in accordance with the law, exercises supervision over non-bank payment agencies, clearing institutions and other payment service organizations, and is responsible for approving the establishment, change, termination and scope of operations of non-bank payment agencies, bank card clearing agencies, by means to be specified separately by the People's Bank of China.
第四十三条（金融科技管理） 中国人民银行牵头编制并推动落实金融科技发展规划，拟订金融科技监管基本规则，指导协调金融科技应用。
Article 43 (Management of financial science and technology) The People's Bank of China has taken the lead in preparing and promoting the implementation of a plan for the development of financial science and technology, drawing up basic rules for the regulation of financial science and technology and guiding the coordination of the application of financial science and technology.
第四十四条（征信市场和信用评级市场管理） 中国人民银行负责制定征信市场和信用评级市场发展规划、法规制度及行业标准，对征信市场和信用评级市场准入、征信和信用评级业务活动实施监督管理。
Article 44 (Certificate Market and Credit Rating Market Management) The People's Bank of China is responsible for developing development plans, legal and regulatory systems and industry standards for the Letter Market and Credit Rating Markets and for supervising and regulating the letter and credit rating market access, letter collection and credit rating operations.
第四十五条（金融消费权益保护） 中国人民银行统筹开展金融消费者教育，牵头构建监管执法合作和非诉第三方解决机制，协调推进相关普惠金融工作，依法开展中国人民银行职责范围内的金融消费权益保护工作。
Article 45 (Protection of rights and interests in financial consumption) The People's Bank of China has taken a coordinated approach to the education of financial consumers, has taken the lead in developing mechanisms for regulatory enforcement cooperation and non-action against third parties, has coordinated the promotion of relevant inclusive finance, and has carried out, in accordance with the law, the protection of financial consumer rights and interests within the scope of the Bank's responsibilities.
第四十六条（自律组织管理） 中国人民银行依法对与履行职责有关的行业自律组织进行指导和监督。行业自律组织可以依法制定自律规则，实施自律管理。
Article 46 (Management of self-regulatory organizations) The People’s Bank of China directs and supervises self-regulatory organizations in industries related to the performance of their duties in accordance with the law.
第六章 监督管理措施
Chapter VI & nbsp; & nbsp; Oversight management measures
第四十七条（检查监督权） 中国人民银行及其分支机构为履行本法规定的职责，有权对金融机构以及其他单位和个人执行本法及中国人民银行依据本法制定的管理规定的行为进行检查监督。
Article 47 (Right to inspect and supervise) The People's Bank of China and its branches have the right to inspect and supervise financial institutions and other entities and individuals in the implementation of the provisions of this Law and the regulations established by the People's Bank of China in accordance with this Law, in order to fulfil their duties under this Law.
第四十八条（现场检查措施） 中国人民银行及其分支机构为履行本法规定的职责，可以采取下列措施进行现场检查：
Article 48 (Measures for on-site inspection) The People's Bank of China and its branches may, in order to fulfil their responsibilities under this Law, carry out on-site inspections by taking the following measures:
（一）进入被监管机构进行检查；
(i) Access to the regulated body for inspection;
（二）询问被监管机构的工作人员，要求其对有关检查事项作出说明；
(ii) Ask the staff of the regulated body to clarify the matter of inspection;
（三）查阅、复制被监管机构与检查事项有关的文件、资料，对可能被转移、隐匿或者毁损的文件、资料予以封存；
(iii) Access to, copying and sealing documents and information relating to inspection matters that may be diverted, concealed or destroyed by the regulatory body;
（四）检查、封存被监管机构的计算机网络与信息系统。
(iv) Inspection, storage and storage of computer networks and information systems of regulated bodies.
进行现场检查，应当经中国人民银行或其地市级以上分支机构负责人批准。现场检查时，检查人员不得少于二人，并应当出示合法证件和检查通知书；检查人员少于二人或者未出示合法证件和检查通知书的，被监管机构有权拒绝检查。
An on-site inspection shall be carried out with the approval of the head of the People's Bank of China or its local and municipal branches.
第四十九条（非现场监管措施） 中国人民银行及其分支机构可以对被监管机构实施压力测试、评级、评估、风险监测等，并就监督管理事项及被监管机构执行中国人民银行政策和规定的情况进行评价并通报。
Article 49 (non-on-site supervision measures) The People's Bank of China and its affiliates may apply stress testing, rating, assessment, risk monitoring, etc. to the regulated institutions and evaluate and inform them of oversight and regulatory matters and the compliance of the regulated bodies with the policies and provisions of the People's Bank of China.
中国人民银行及其分支机构根据履行职责的需要，可以与被监管机构的董事、高级管理人员进行监督管理谈话，要求被监管机构的董事、高级管理人员就业务活动和风险管理的重大事项作出说明。
The People's Bank of China and its branches may, as necessary for the performance of their duties, conduct supervisory management interviews with directors and senior managers of the regulated bodies and request statements from the directors and senior managers of the regulated bodies on important matters of operational activities and risk management.
第五十条（监管措施） 中国人民银行及其分支机构检查监督发现被监管机构存在违反本法行为的，应当责令限期改正；逾期未改正的，或者其行为可能引发重大金融风险的，经中国人民银行或其省级以上分支机构批准，可以区别情形，采取下列措施：
Article 50 (Monitoring measures) The People's Bank of China and its branches, in their inspection and supervision, should be ordered to rectify any violation of this Law by the regulated bodies; those who are overdue, or whose actions may give rise to significant financial risks, may, with the approval of the People's Bank of China or its provincial branches or branches, take the following measures, depending on the circumstances:
（一）对再贴现和中国人民银行提供的贷款给予惩罚性利率；
(i) Punitive interest rates for rediscounts and loans provided by the People's Bank of China;
（二）责令暂停部分业务或禁止开展新业务；
(ii) Order the suspension of some operations or the prohibition of new operations;
（三）撤销有关业务许可；
(iii) Revocation of the business permit;
（四）限制或禁止接入中国人民银行的支付、清算、结算系统；
(iv) Restrictions or prohibitions on access to the payment, settlement and settlement systems of the People's Bank of China;
（五）宣告中国人民银行提供的贷款加速到期并要求偿还。
(v) Declaring the accelerated maturity of loans provided by the People's Bank of China and requesting repayment.
被监管机构整改后，应当向中国人民银行提交报告。经中国人民银行或其省级分支机构验收，符合有关规定的，应当自验收完毕之日起三日内解除对其采取的前款规定的有关措施。
After reorganization by the supervisory authority, the report shall be submitted to the People’s Bank of China.
第五十一条（信息报送） 中国人民银行及其分支机构根据履行职责的需要，有权要求被监管机构报送资产负债表、利润表、财务会计报告以及其他资料、数据、信息。被监管机构应当按照中国人民银行的要求，真实、准确、完整、及时地提供各项资料、数据、信息，不得迟报、拒报或提供不真实、不完整的资料、数据、信息。
Article 51 (Transmission of information) The People’s Bank of China and its branches have the right to request the submission of balance sheets, profit statements, financial accounting reports and other information, data and information by the supervisory authority, as required by the performance of their duties. The regulatory body shall provide all information, data, information in a true, accurate, complete and timely manner, as required by the People’s Bank of China, without delay, refusal to report or provision of inaccurate and incomplete information, data or information.
中国人民银行对前款资料、数据、信息依法负有保密责任和义务。
The People's Bank of China has a duty and obligation to keep confidential information, data and information relating to the preceding paragraph, in accordance with the law.
第五十二条（监管信息共享） 中国人民银行应当与国务院金融稳定发展委员会成员单位建立监督管理信息共享机制。
Article 52 (Control of information-sharing) The People's Bank of China shall establish mechanisms for monitoring and managing information-sharing with members of the Financial Stability Development Committee of the State Council.
中国人民银行根据履行职责的需要，在符合国家安全、保密等法律、行政法规的前提下，可以与境外监管部门进行合作，共享监管信息，实施跨境监管。
The People's Bank of China, in accordance with the requirements for the performance of its duties and subject to national security, confidentiality and other laws and administrative regulations, may cooperate with foreign regulatory authorities, share regulatory information and exercise cross-border supervision.
第五十三条（对未经许可设立金融控股公司的措施） 根据中国人民银行规定，应当设立金融控股公司，但未取得金融控股公司行政许可的，由中国人民银行会同国务院金融监督管理部门责令改正，逾期不改正的，中国人民银行可以会同国务院金融监督管理部门责令其采取转让所控股金融机构的股权或者转移实际控制权等措施。
Article 53 (Measures for the unauthorized establishment of financial holding companies) According to the provisions of the People's Bank of China, the Bank of China may, in conjunction with the Financial Supervision Authority of the State Council, order the establishment of a financial holding company without the administrative authorization of the financial holding company to be corrected by order of the People's Bank of China and the Financial Supervision Authority of the State Council. The Bank of China may, in conjunction with the Financial Supervision Authority of the State Council, order it to take such measures as the transfer of shares or the transfer of actual control over the financial institutions in which it is held.
第五十四条（对金融控股公司和使用中央银行资金机构的监管措施） 金融控股公司违反本法及中国人民银行有关规定，或者影响金融稳定，损害公众利益的，中国人民银行可以区别情形，采取下列监管措施：
Article 54 (Control measures for financial holding companies and institutions using funds of the Central Bank). In violation of this Law and the relevant provisions of the People's Bank of China, or affecting financial stability and undermining the public interest, the People's Bank of China may take the following regulatory measures, depending on the circumstances:
（一）限制业务活动，责令暂停部分业务，停止批准开办新业务；
(i) Restricted operations, ordered the suspension of some operations and stopped authorizing the start-up of new operations;
（二）限制分配红利，限制董事、监事、高级管理人员的薪酬和其他收入；
(ii) Limiting the distribution of dividends and the remuneration and other income of directors, supervisors, senior managers;
（三）限制资产转让；
(iii) Restrictions on the transfer of assets;
（四）限期补充资本；
(iv) Supplementary capital of limited duration;
（五）责令股东转让股权或限制股东权利；
(v) Order shareholders to transfer their shares or restrict their rights;
（六）责令调整负有责任的董事、监事、高级管理人员或者限制其权利；
(vi) Order the readjustment of responsible directors, supervisors, senior managers or restrict their rights;
（七）责令转让所控股金融机构的股权；
(vii) Obligating the transfer of an equity interest from a financial institution holding a holding interest;
（八）国务院批准的其他措施。
(viii) Other measures approved by the State Council.
中国人民银行负责对因化解金融风险而使用中央银行资金机构的行为进行检查监督，并可以区别情形采取前款规定的监管措施。
The People's Bank of China is responsible for inspecting and monitoring the use of funds of the Central Bank in order to mitigate financial risks, and may take the regulatory measures provided for in the previous paragraph, depending on the circumstances.
第五十五条（系统性金融风险处置） 中国人民银行会同相关部门处置系统性金融风险，可以采取下列措施：
Article 55 (System financial risk management) The People's Bank of China, in conjunction with the relevant departments, will address systemic financial risk by taking the following measures:
（一）监督问题机构实施自救，对问题机构采取本法第五十四条第一款规定的监管措施；
(a) The supervisory body exercises self-help and takes the regulatory measures provided for in article 54, paragraph 1, of this Law against the body in question;
（二）对债权人依法实施债务减记；
(ii) Legal write-off against creditors;
（三）协调地方政府落实风险处置属地责任；
(iii) Coordinating local governments in the implementation of territorial responsibility for risk disposal;
（四）提供流动性支持；
(iv) Provide liquidity support;
（五）发放金融稳定贷款；
(v) Financial stabilization loans;
（六）设立特殊目的实体，承接、管理和处置问题机构的资产和负债；
(vi) The establishment of a special purpose entity to receive, manage and dispose of the assets and liabilities of the agency in question;
（七）设立特殊目的实体，收购、注资并阶段性持有问题机构股份；
(vii) Establishment of special purpose entities, acquisition, financing and periodic holding of shares in institutions;
（八）国务院批准的其他处置措施。
(viii) Other disposal measures approved by the State Council.
第五十六条（违法行为调查措施） 中国人民银行及其分支机构对涉嫌违反本法及中国人民银行有关规定的行为，可以采取下列措施进行调查取证：
Article 56 (Investigation measures for offences) The People's Bank of China and its branches may undertake the following measures to investigate and obtain evidence of alleged violations of this Law and the relevant provisions of the People's Bank of China:
（一）进入涉嫌违法行为发生的场所进行调查；
(i) Access to places suspected of having committed violations for investigation;
（二）询问当事人及与被调查事件有关的单位和个人，要求其对与被调查事件有关的事项作出说明；
(ii) Inquiries the person concerned and the units and individuals associated with the incident under investigation and requests clarification on matters related to the incident under investigation;
（三）查阅、复制与被调查事件有关的文件、资料，对可能被转移、隐匿或者毁损的文件、资料予以封存；
(iii) Access to and reproduction of documents and information relating to the events under investigation and sealing of documents and information that may be diverted, concealed or destroyed;
（四）检查、封存与被调查事件有关的计算机网络与信息系统；
(iv) Inspection, storage and storage of computer networks and information systems related to the events under investigation;
（五）查询与被调查事件有关的单位和个人在金融机构开立的账户；
(v) Access to accounts maintained in financial institutions by entities and individuals involved in the events under investigation;
（六）对有证据证明已经或者可能转移、隐匿违法资金等涉案财产的，申请人民法院予以冻结、查封或扣押；
(vi) To apply to the People's Court for the freezing, seizure or seizure of property in respect of which there is evidence that it has been or is likely to be transferring or concealing funds in violation of the law;
（七）法律法规规定的其他措施。
(vii) Other measures provided for in the laws and regulations.
中国人民银行及其分支机构采取前款规定措施，调查人员不得少于二人，并应当出示合法证件和调查通知书；调查人员少于二人或者未出示合法证件和调查通知书的，有关单位或者个人有权拒绝。对依法采取的措施，有关单位和个人应当配合，如实说明有关情况并提供有关文件、资料，不得拒绝、阻碍和隐瞒。
The People's Bank of China and its branches take the measures specified in the preceding paragraph, whereby the investigator must not be less than two persons and shall produce legal documents and letters of inquiry; if the investigator is less than two persons or if no legal documents and letters of investigation are produced, the unit or individual concerned shall have the right to refuse.
中国人民银行及其分支机构采取本条第一款第五项、第六项措施的，应当经中国人民银行或其地市级以上分支机构负责人批准。
If the People's Bank of China and its branches take measures in accordance with paragraph 1 (e) and (f) of this article, they shall be authorized by the head of the People's Bank of China or its local and municipal branches.
第七章 财务会计
Chapter VII & nbsp; Financial accounting
第五十七条（财务会计制度） 中国人民银行制定中央银行会计制度和独立的财务预算管理制度，报经国务院批准后组织实施。
Article 57 (Financial Accounting System) The People's Bank of China establishes the Central Bank's accounting system and an independent financial and budgetary management system, which is organized and implemented with the approval of the State Council.
中国人民银行的财务收支、会计事务以及有关经济活动，依法接受国务院审计机关的审计监督。
The People's Bank of China is subject to audit supervision by the State Council's audit body, in accordance with the law, in respect of financial revenues and expenditures, accounting matters and related economic activities.
第五十八条（财务缓冲） 中国人民银行应当保持与履行职责和承担风险相适应的财务实力，建立健全准备金制度和资本补充机制。
Article 58 (Financial buffer) The People's Bank of China shall maintain its financial strength commensurate with the performance of its duties and the taking of risks, and shall establish a sound reserve system and capital replenishment mechanism.
中国人民银行应根据资产性质和风险状况提取专项准备金，用于核销资产损失等。
The People's Bank of China shall draw up special reserves for the write-off of losses of assets, etc., in accordance with the nature of the assets and the risk profile.
第五十九条（利润分配） 中国人民银行每一会计年度的收入减除该年度支出，并按照一定比例提取总准备金后的净利润纳入中央预算。经国务院批准后，总准备金可转增国家资本。
Article 59 (Profits distribution) The People’s Bank of China deducts from its income for each fiscal year its expenditures for that year, and the net profit from drawing up the total reserve at a certain percentage is included in the central budget.
中国人民银行的亏损由国家资本和中央财政拨款弥补。
The losses of the People's Bank of China are covered by State capital and central fiscal allocations.
第六十条（年度财务会计报告） 中国人民银行应当于每一会计年度结束后，编制资产负债表、损益表和相关的财务会计报表，并编制年度报告，按照国家有关规定予以公布。
Article 60 (annual financial accounting report) The People's Bank of China shall, after the end of each fiscal year, prepare balance sheets, income statement and related financial accounting statements and prepare annual reports, which shall be published in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State.
中国人民银行的会计年度自公历1月1日起至12月31日止。
The financial year of the People's Bank of China is from 1 January to 31 December.
第八章 法律责任
Chapter VIII & nbsp; Legal responsibility
第六十一条（违反管理规定的责任） 金融机构、其他单位和个人违反本法及中国人民银行有关规定，有关法律、行政法规有处罚规定的，依照其规定给予处罚；有关法律、行政法规未作处罚规定的，由中国人民银行区别不同情形给予警告，没收违法所得，违法所得五十万元以上的，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得不足五十万元的，处五十万元以上二百万元以下罚款；对负有直接责任的董事、高级管理人员和其他直接责任人员给予警告，处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下罚款，没有违法所得或违法所得不足十万元的，处十万元以上五十万元以下罚款；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Article 61 (Responsibility for violations of regulatory provisions) Financial institutions, other entities and individuals who violate this Law and the relevant provisions of the People's Bank of China, and whose laws and administrative regulations provide for penalties, are punished in accordance with their provisions; the relevant laws and administrative regulations do not provide for penalties; the People's Bank of China does not provide for warnings to be given in different circumstances, confiscate the proceeds of violations, confiscate the proceeds of the violations more than 500,000 yuan and impose a fine of not more than five times the proceeds of the violations; where there is no illegal proceeds or the proceeds of the violations are less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan and not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed; directors, senior managers and other persons directly responsible who are directly responsible shall be liable for such offences shall be punished by a fine of not less than one and not more than five times the proceeds of the violations and if there is no illegal gains of not more than 100,000 yuan and shall be punished by a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan and shall be liable to criminal liability in accordance with the law.
金融机构、其他单位和个人存在前款规定的情形，情节严重的，中国人民银行可以加重处罚，最高可处以违法所得十倍以下或二千万元以下的罚款，以孰高者为准；对负有直接责任的董事、高级管理人员和其他直接责任人员最高可处以违法所得十倍以下或五百万元以下的罚款，以孰高者为准。对取得中国人民银行行政许可的机构，可以责令停业整顿，暂扣或吊销许可证，禁止董事、监事、高级管理人员一定期限直至终身从事所属行业工作。
Financial institutions, other entities and individuals are subject to the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph. In serious cases, the People's Bank of China may impose an increased penalty of up to ten times the proceeds of the offence or a fine of up to 20 million yuan, whichever is higher; directors, senior managers and other persons directly responsible may be subject to a fine of up to ten times the proceeds of the offence or up to five million yuan, whichever is higher. In the case of institutions that obtain an administrative permit from the People's Bank of China, they may order the closure of the business, the suspension or revocation of the licence, and the prohibition of directors, supervisors or senior managers from working in the profession for a period of up to life.
未取得中国人民银行行政许可而擅自开展业务活动的机构，由中国人民银行负责取缔，依照第一款、第二款的规定处罚。
Institutions operating without the administrative permission of the People's Bank of China, which carry out their operations without authorization, are subject to the ban imposed by the People's Bank of China and are punished in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2.
第六十二条（妨碍人民银行履职的责任） 金融机构以及其他单位和个人妨碍中国人民银行工作人员依法履职的，中国人民银行可以责令其改正。拒不改正的，可以处以二十万元以上五十万元以下罚款；构成违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Article 62 (Responsibility to obstruct the performance of the functions of the People's Bank) Financial institutions and other entities and individuals who impede the performance of the duties of the employees of the People's Bank of China in accordance with the law, the People's Bank of China may order them to correct the situation. If they refuse to do so, they shall be liable to a fine of 200,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan; if they constitute a violation of the law, the public security organs shall impose a penalty for the administration of the peace in accordance with the law; if they constitute a crime, they shall be held criminally liable under the law.
第六十三条（伪造、变造人民币责任） 伪造、变造人民币，出售、购买伪造、变造的人民币，或者明知是伪造、变造的人民币而运输、持有、使用，构成违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Article 63 (Responsibility to falsify, falsify or falsify the renminbi), sell, purchase, purchase or transport, hold or use the renminbi in the knowledge that it is forged or falsified, which constitutes an offence against the administration of public order, which is punishable by the public security organs in accordance with the law; it constitutes an offence for which criminal liability is imposed in accordance with the law.
第六十四条（非法使用人民币图样责任） 制作、仿制、买卖人民币图样，或在宣传品、出版物或者其他商品上非法使用人民币图样的，中国人民银行应当责令改正，并销毁非法使用的人民币图样，没收违法所得，并处二十万元以下罚款。
Article 64 (Responsibility for the unlawful use of images of the renminbi) Any person who produces, imitates, sells or sells images of the renminbi, or illegally uses them on propaganda items, publications or other commodities, shall be ordered by the People's Bank of China to correct them and to destroy the images of the illegally used renminbi, to confiscate the proceeds of the offences and to impose a fine of up to 200,000 yuan.
第六十五条（制作发售代币责任） 制作、发售代币票券和数字代币，以代替人民币在市场上流通的，中国人民银行应当责令停止违法行为，销毁非法制作、发售的代币票券和数字代币，没收违法所得，并处违法金额五倍以下的罚款；不能确定违法金额的，处十万元以上五十万元以下罚款。情节严重的，依照第六十一条第二款的规定处罚。
Article 65 (Responsibility to produce and sell in exchange for currency) produces and distributes vouchers and digital tokens in exchange for the circulation of the renminbi on the market. The People's Bank of China shall order the cessation of offences, destroy illegally produced and sold vouchers and digital tokens, confiscate the proceeds of such offences and impose a fine of up to five times the amount of such offences; in the event of failure to determine the amount of such offences, a fine of up to 500,000 yuan shall be imposed. In serious cases, the penalty shall be imposed in accordance with the provisions of article 61, paragraph 2.
第六十六条（整改承诺） 中国人民银行及其分支机构作出行政处罚决定前，当事人书面申请，向中国人民银行及其分支机构提出符合要求的整改承诺的，经中国人民银行及其分支机构审核通过，可以暂缓实施行政处罚。当事人按承诺期限完成整改的，中国人民银行及其分支机构可以依法减轻、从轻处罚；逾期未完成的，依法从重处罚。具体办法由中国人民银行制定。
Article 66 (Commitment to Reform) The People's Bank of China and its branches may suspend the application of the administrative penalty until they have decided on the administrative penalty, upon written request and upon approval by the People's Bank of China and its branches that they have complied with the required commitment. If the parties have completed the correction in accordance with the promised period, the People's Bank of China and its branches may, in accordance with the law, mitigate and lightly impose the penalty; if they are overdue, the penalty shall be increased in accordance with the law.
中国人民银行及其分支机构执行前款规定的，应当依法公开相关信息。
The People's Bank of China and its branches shall make the relevant information public in accordance with the law, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
第六十七条（行政诉讼） 当事人对行政处罚不服的，可以依照《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的规定提起行政诉讼。
Article 67 (Administrative proceedings) provides for administrative proceedings in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Administrative Procedure of the People's Republic of China.
第六十八条（处分） 中国人民银行有下列行为之一的，对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
Article 68 (Disposal) The People's Bank of China shall, in accordance with the law, impose penalties on persons in charge of direct responsibility and other persons directly responsible; they constitute offences and shall be held criminally liable in accordance with the law:
（一）违反本法第三十二条第二款的规定提供贷款的；
(a) made a loan contrary to the provisions of article 32, paragraph 2, of this Law;
（二）对单位和个人提供担保的；
(ii) In the case of an establishment or an individual;
（三）擅自动用发行基金的。
(iii) Unauthorized access to the distribution fund.
有前款所列行为之一，造成损失的，负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员应当承担部分或者全部赔偿责任。
In the case of one of the acts listed in the preceding paragraph, the supervisor and other persons directly liable for the loss shall be liable in part or in full.
第六十九条（强令担保责任） 地方政府、各级政府部门、社会团体和个人强令中国人民银行及其工作人员违反本法第三十二条的规定提供贷款或者担保的，对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；造成损失的，应当承担部分或者全部赔偿责任。
Article 69 (Responsibility to enforce guarantees) Local governments, government departments at all levels of government, social groups and individuals who force the People's Bank of China and its staff to provide loans or guarantees in violation of the provisions of article 32 of this Law, impose penalties in accordance with the law on those responsible directly and other persons directly responsible; constitute crimes and hold them criminally liable according to the law; and if they cause damage, they incur partial or total liability.
第七十条（泄密责任） 中国人民银行的工作人员泄露国家秘密或者所知悉的商业秘密、个人隐私，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予处分。
Article 70 (Responsibility for breach of confidentiality) The disclosure by the staff of the People's Bank of China of State secrets or known business secrets or personal privacy constitutes a crime for which criminal liability is established by law; it is not yet a crime and is subject to punishment in accordance with the law.
第七十一条（廉政责任） 中国人民银行的工作人员贪污受贿、徇私舞弊、滥用职权、玩忽职守等违法违纪行为，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，依法给予处分。
Article 71 (Responsibility for Integrity) The employees of the People's Bank of China are guilty of corruption, corruption, abuse of authority, negligence and other violations of discipline, and are held criminally liable in accordance with the law; they have not yet done so and are subject to punishment in accordance with the law.
第九章 附则
Chapter IX & nbsp; Annex
第七十二条（定义） 本法所称银行业金融机构，是指商业银行、农村信用合作社、农村合作银行等吸收公众存款的金融机构以及政策性、开发性银行。
Article 72 (Definitions) Banking financial institutions referred to in this Act are financial institutions that absorb public deposits, such as commercial banks, rural credit unions and rural cooperative banks, as well as policy and developmental banks.
本法所称被监管机构，是指依据本法、相关法律和行政法规，应当接受中国人民银行监督管理的机构。
The regulatory body referred to in this Law is the institution subject to the supervision and supervision of the People's Bank of China, in accordance with this Law, the relevant laws and administrative regulations.
金融资产管理公司、信托投资公司、财务公司、金融租赁公司以及经国务院银行业监督管理机构批准设立的其他金融机构，适用本法对银行业金融机构的规定。
Financial asset management companies, trust investment companies, financial companies, financial leasing companies and other financial institutions established with the approval of the Banking Supervision Authority of the State Council shall apply the provisions of this Act with respect to banking financial institutions.
第七十三条（施行时间） 本法自年 月 日起施行。
Article 73 (Time of operation) This Act has been in force since & nbsp; month & nbsp;
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