北极星输配电网讯:2016年2月，由国家发展改革委、国家能源局、工业和信息化部联合印发《关于推进“互联网+”智慧能源发展的指导意见》，其中指出在全球新一轮科技革命和产业变革中，需要加强互联网理念、先进信息技术与能源产业的深度融合，推动能源互联网新技术、新模式和新业态进一步发展，为我国能源产业的发展指明了方向。2020年10月，党的十九届五中全会强调，“十四五”期间应加快推进能源革命和能源数字化发展，推动实现能源资源配置更加合理、能源利用效率大幅提高、主要污染物排放总量持续减少的目标。深化现代信息技术与能源电力领域的融合，推动能源电力行业的智慧化转型将为我国能源革命纵深推进与行稳致远保驾护航。
Arctic Star Transmission and Distribution Network: In February 2016, the National Development Reform Commission, the National Energy Agency and the Ministry of Industry and Informatics jointly issued the Guidance for the Advancement of the “Internet+” Smart Energy Development, which states that, in the new global technological revolution and industrial transformation, there is a need to strengthen the profound integration of Internet concepts, advanced information technologies and energy industries, and to promote the further development of new technologies, new models and new practices in the energy Internet, and to chart the way for the development of our energy industry. In October 2020, the Party's 19th plenary session stressed the need to accelerate the energy revolution and the digitalization of energy resources during the Fourteenth Five-Year Session, and to promote the goal of a more rational energy resource allocation, a significant increase in energy efficiency and a sustained reduction in the total emissions of major pollutants. Deepening the integration of modern information technology and energy power will lead to a wise transformation of the energy sector that will further advance the energy revolution and secure the long-distance.
（来源：中国电力企业管理 ID:zgdlqygl 曾鸣 许彦斌 潘婷 作者供职于华北电力大学）
(Source: China Power Enterprise Management ID: zgdlqygl Xu Ying Bin Pan Ting author for the University of Power in North China)
智慧能源内涵与特征
Smart Energy Content and Characteristics
智慧能源的内涵
what smart energy means
从狭义上看，智慧能源是指以现代通信、网络技术为基础的，致力于能源利用效率提高的环境友好型能源发展模式。广义上看，智慧能源是能源产业、能源装备产业、互联网产业和现代通信产业等多元产业融合发展的概括，其不仅涵盖传统化石能源的智慧生产，也包括随机波动新能源的安全并网；不仅涵盖能源的生产、转换、传输、存储与消费等环节，也包括能源周边产业、能源电力技术体系及能源政策机制的发展与变革。
In a narrow sense, smart energy refers to an environmentally friendly model of energy development based on modern communications, network technologies, and committed to energy efficiency. In a broad sense, smart energy is the contours of the development of diversified industries, such as the energy industry, the energy equipment industry, the Internet industry and the modern telecommunications industry. It covers not only the intellectual production of traditional fossil energy, but also the safety and safety of volatile new energy sources; it covers not only the production, conversion, transmission, storage and consumption of energy, but also the development and transformation of energy-neighbour industries, energy-power technology systems and energy-policy mechanisms.
智慧能源的特征
Characteristics of Smart Energy
依托智能高效、广泛互联、清洁低碳的显著特征，智慧能源发展模式可推动包括能源生产、传输、消费等多环节的动态精益优化与管理，实现能源电力系统的“智慧化”转型升级。
Building on the distinctive characteristics of intelligent efficiency, widespread interconnection and clean low-carbons, smart energy development models can contribute to dynamic optimization and management of multiple links, including energy production, transmission and consumption, and to the “smartization” of energy power systems upgrading.
智能高效。云计算、大数据、区块链等现代信息技术在能源领域的广泛应用，将推动智慧生产管控系统、多能协同调度系统、用能管理系统等智慧能源系统的落地与应用，进而在实现对能源电力系统多环节、多主体、多设备全面感知的基础上，依托数据驱动技术实现对能源电力系统、管网、设备多层级的在线监测、实时分析、智能优化调控、状态预警、智能诊断等功能，进一步提升能源电力系统的运行效率。
A wide range of applications of modern information technologies, such as cloud computing, big data, block chains, in the field of energy will promote the landing and application of intelligent energy systems, such as smart production control systems, multi-power coordinated dispatch systems, energy management systems, and thus further improve the efficiency of the operation of energy power systems by relying on data-driven technology to achieve such functions as energy power systems, pipelines, equipment on-line monitoring, real-time analysis, smart optimization, state early warning and smart diagnostics, on the basis of a comprehensive perception of multiple, multi-subject and multi-equipment systems.
广泛互联。依托互联网与物联网技术，推动实现能源系统内外多元主体的开放接入、广泛互联，有效贯通与整合不同主体间的信息流、业务流、能量流，打造互惠共赢的能源生态圈，为新业态与新模式的打造、更大范围内的资源优化配置提供有利前提。
Broad connectivity. Building on Internet and physical networking technologies, promoting open access, wide connectivity, effective integration and integration of information flows, business flows, energy flows between the various players within and outside the energy system, creating a mutually beneficial and win-win energy ecosystem, provides a favourable prerequisite for the creation of new business practices and models, and for a broader optimal allocation of resources.
清洁低碳。“云大物移智链”等现代信息技术的应用可促进能源电力系统各个环节间的及时、准确、高效交互，充分发挥横向电热水气多能互补、纵向源-网-荷-储协调的技术特性，实现对能源电力系统的统筹管控与优化，进而为大规模集中式可再生能源及分布式可再生能源的安全生产、远距离传输和高效消纳提供支撑，有效提升可再生能源在生产和消费端占比、降低二氧化碳及其他污染物排放，显著提升能源利用效率，加速我国能源电力行业的清洁低碳转型。
Clean low-carbons. The application of modern information technologies, such as the cloud-to-brain intelligence chain, can promote timely, accurate and efficient interaction between the various components of energy power systems, take full advantage of the technological characteristics of horizontal thermal water-gas complementarities, vertical source-network-barrel-storage coordination, achieve integrated control and optimization of energy-power systems, thus supporting the safe production, long-range transmission and efficient elimination of large-scale centralized and distributed renewable energy sources, effectively increasing the share of renewable energy in production and consumption, reducing emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants, significantly increasing energy efficiency and accelerating the clean, low-carbon transformation of our energy and electricity sector.
智慧能源对能源革命的支撑作用
Support of intelligent energy to the energy revolution
面对我国能源电力发展的新挑战，习近平总书记在2014年召开的中央财经领导小组第六次会议中提出了能源革命的战略思想，要求从能源供给、能源消费、能源技术和能源体制四方面推进能源革命，推动能源电力行业绿色发展，构建清洁低碳、安全高效的能源体系。在智慧能源的发展模式下，“云大物移智链”等先进信息技术在能源电力行业的应用将加速信息技术与能源电力产业的深度融合，引导能源电力行业向数字化、智能化转型发展，为我国能源革命持续深化与能源结构转型提供坚实支撑。
Faced with the new challenges of energy and electricity development in our country, Secretary-General Xi Jinping, at the sixth meeting of the Central Finance and Economic Leadership Group, held in 2014, put forward strategic ideas for the energy revolution, which calls for a green energy revolution in energy supply, energy consumption, energy technology and energy systems, as well as a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system. Under the development model of smart energy, the application of advanced information technologies, such as cloud-to-brain intelligence chains, in the energy and electricity sector will accelerate the deep integration of information technology and the energy and electricity industry, lead to the transformation of the energy and electricity sector into digital, intelligent, and provide solid support for the continued deepening of the energy revolution and the transformation of the energy structure of the country.
智慧能源助力能源供给革命
The Smart Energy Supply Revolution
一方面，智慧能源的发展将促进能源的生产和供应模式发生显著变化。我国能源供应模式将从单一化供应转变为多元化供应，包括供应主体的多元化、能源产品的多元化和业务结构的多元化等。另一方面，智慧能源将推动智慧电厂、智能电网等新业态的发展，提供更安全、智能的能源生产和传输服务，有效改善能源生产和供应模式、提高能源系统中新能源的生产和供应比例。
On the one hand, the development of smart energy will contribute to a significant change in the patterns of energy production and supply. Our energy supply model will shift from monolithic supply to diversified supply, including diversification of suppliers, diversification of energy products, and diversification of business structures. On the other hand, smart energy will contribute to the development of new industries such as smart power plants, smart power grids, the provision of safer and intelligent energy production and transmission services, the effective improvement of energy production and supply patterns, and an increase in the proportion of new energy production and supply in energy systems.
智慧能源助力能源消费革命
The Smart Energy Support Energy Consumption Revolution
一方面，智慧能源发展模式下能源市场信息的实时共享特征可赋予用户更广泛的消费选择权，新业态、新模式将不断涌现，进而催生出更加丰富多元的能源消费类型；另一方面，“云大物移智链”等现代信息技术的应用能够在支撑用户对自身能效水平即时、全面感知的基础上，为用户的综合能效分析、用能决策及多环节协调管控优化提供辅助支持，进而推动能源的高质与高效消费。
On the one hand, the real-time sharing of information on energy markets under the smart energy development model can give users a broader choice of consumption, and new practices and models will emerge, leading to a greater variety of types of energy consumption; on the other hand, the application of modern information technologies, such as the cloud transfer chain, can provide complementary support for comprehensive energy efficiency analysis, energy decision-making and multi-link coordination and control optimization for users, based on the immediate and comprehensive perception of their own energy efficiency levels, thereby promoting high-quality and efficient energy consumption.
智慧能源助力能源技术革命
The Smart Energy Energy Technology Revolution
智慧能源对能源电力系统关键设备及平台的智能化、精确化和标准化要求将为原有的能源技术、信息管理技术带来深刻变革。同时，智慧能源信息-物理融合特性也将推动能源领域的技术框架和互联网、通信领域的技术体系紧密融合，带动诸如能源大数据、能源区块链、5G能源信息网等一批新技术的发展和应用，为能源技术开辟全新的研究方向，从而推动能源技术革命。
Smart energy intelligence, precision, and standardization requirements for critical equipment and platforms for energy power systems will bring about profound changes in pre-existing energy technologies and information management technologies. At the same time, smart energy information-physical integration features will facilitate a close integration of the technological framework in the field of energy with the Internet and the technological systems in the field of communications, leading to the development and application of new technologies such as energy big data, energy grids, and the 5G Energy Information Network, thus opening new research directions for energy technologies, thus driving the energy technology revolution.
智慧能源助力能源体制革命
建设智慧能源体系，可助力实现能源系统运营管理机制的创新，带动能源产业上下游及周边产业协同发展，打造智慧能源生态圈。建设智慧能源生态圈可充分发挥能源企业、装备制造企业、科研院所等各类主体优势，打通服务流、信息流、资金流，提升资源要素配置效率，为能源系统的转型升级创造良好平台，以共享经济、平台经济的发展模式创新能源系统运营的体制机制，进而支撑能源体制革命。
Building intelligent energy systems can help to create innovative mechanisms for managing energy systems, enabling energy industries to develop upstream and downstream as well as in the surrounding industries, and creating intelligent energy ecosystems. Building intelligent energy ecosystems can fully harness the advantages of energy enterprises, equipment-making enterprises, research institutes, etc., by providing access to services, information flows, capital flows, improving efficiency in the allocation of resource elements, and creating a good platform for the transformation and upgrading of energy systems in order to create innovative institutional mechanisms for the operation of energy systems with a shared economy and a platform-based economic development model, thus supporting the energy system revolution.
智慧能源关键技术及典型应用场景
Smart Energy Key Technologies and Typical Applications
智慧能源以现代信息技术为核心工具，借助区块链技术、大数据技术、云平台技术等新兴信息技术构建能源发展的智慧环境，形成能源发展的新模式和新范式，进而为促进新能源消纳、构建安全高效电力市场、提升电力系统能效等问题提供全新解决方案。
With modern information technology as its core tool, smart energy builds an intelligent environment for energy development through new information technologies such as block-chain technology, big data technology, cloud platform technology, and creates new models and paradigms for energy development, thus providing entirely new solutions for promoting new energy consumption, building safe and efficient electricity markets and improving energy efficiency in power systems.
区块链技术
区块链技术是分布式数据存储、点对点传输、共识机制、加密算法等计算机技术在互联网时代的创新应用，具有去中心化、信息共享、记录不可逆、参与者匿名和信息可追溯等技术特点（见图1）。
Block chain technologies are innovative applications in the Internet age of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanisms, encryption algorithms and have technical features such as decentralization, information-sharing, record-reversibility, anonymity of participants and traceability of information (see figure 1).
区块链技术的应用可为智慧能源发展过程中的数据安全、多主体协同、信息融通等问题提供全新技术解决方案，可为我国弃风弃光现象的缓解、综合能源服务的发展及电力市场智能化交易体系的构建提供全新可能。
The application of block-chain technologies can provide new technological solutions to issues such as data security, multi-subject synergies and information facilitation in the development of intelligent energy, and offer new possibilities for the mitigation of dumping in our country, the development of integrated energy services and the construction of an intelligent trading system for the electricity market.
支撑高比例新能源消纳缓解弃风弃光。依托区块链技术去中心化、信息共享、信息可追溯等技术特点，一方面可简化新能源电力交易流程，降低分布式新能源电力交易成本，有效支撑多元主体间点对点、实时、自主微平衡交易；另一方面区块链技术分布式记账技术可为能源产品、能源金融等产品交易市场提供可信保障，助力绿色能源认证、绿色证书交易等新型商业模式发展，促进能源电力领域的市场主体创新能源生产与服务模式，支撑高比例新能源高效消纳。
The technological features of decentralizing block-chain technologies, information-sharing, and information traceability could, on the one hand, simplify new energy power trading processes, reduce the cost of distributing new energy electricity trading and effectively support multi-subject inter-point, real-time, autonomous microbalance trading; and, on the other hand, block-chain technology distribution record-keeping technologies can provide credible guarantees for markets for products such as energy products, energy finance, and the development of new business models such as green energy certification and green certificate trading, and promote innovative energy production and service models for market players in the field of energy power, thus supporting a high proportion of new energy efficiency.
发展综合能源服务。依托区块链技术“多链”技术特性，可实现电力网络、石油网络、天然气网络等异质能系统中的多元主体及其设备广泛互联，在构建形成横向多能互补、纵向源-网-荷-储协调、能源信息高度融合的综合能源系统的基础上，推动实现综合能源系统多元主体间可信互联、信息公开与协同自治，进而显著提升综合能源服务的可追溯性和安全性。
Development of integrated energy services. Building on the technical “multi-chain” nature of block-chain technologies, multiple subjects and their equipment in heterogeneous energy systems, such as electricity networks, oil networks, gas networks, etc., can be widely interconnected, contributing to credible interconnectivity, open information and synergistic autonomy among the multiple constituents of integrated energy systems, thus significantly improving the traceability and security of integrated energy services, based on the construction of integrated energy systems that are horizontally complementary, vertical source-network-ship-storage coordination and highly integrated energy information.
助力电力市场智能化交易体系构建。利用区块链技术的信息共享、记录不可逆和不可篡改等特性，可为电力市场中相关主体间各类信息的自主交互和充分共享提供支撑，在保障电力市场信息透明、即时的同时，可辅助各交易主体实现分散化决策，提升用户参与电力市场的便捷性和可操作性，加速推动电力市场中合同形成、合同执行、核算结算等环节的智能化转型。此外，依托区块链技术参与者匿名、信息可追溯的技术特性可有效规范电力市场监管过程，促进电力市场的监管水平提升，保障市场交易的公平性与安全性。
The information-sharing, irreversible and non-reversible recording of block-chain technologies underpins the autonomous interaction and full sharing of all types of information among the relevant players in the electricity market, while ensuring transparency and timeliness of information in the electricity market, supporting decentralized decision-making by the various traders, enhancing user accessibility and interoperability in the electricity market, and accelerating the intellectual transformation of the chain of contracts formation, contract enforcement, accounting and accounting in the electricity market. In addition, the technological characteristics of the block-chain effectively regulate the process of regulating the electricity market, promoting a higher level of regulation of the electricity market and safeguarding the fairness and security of market transactions.
大数据技术
big data technology
能源大数据具有规模大、类型多、速度快、价值密度有限等特点，大数据技术是以海量数据集合为研究对象的一项综合技术，是传感技术、信息通信技术、计算机技术、数据分析技术与专业领域技术的综合，是传统数据挖掘、数据分析技术的继承和发展（见图2）。
Large-scale, multi-type, fast-paced and low-value-density large-scale energy data are characterized by a combination of large-volume data pools, a combination of sensor technology, information and communications technology, computer technology, data analysis technology and specialized areas, traditional data mining, succession and development of data analysis technology (see figure 2).
大数据技术的应用可实现对能源生产到消费的全链条感知与分析，可为能源系统安全稳定运行、消费端能效提升、源-网-荷-储协同提供重要支持。
The application of large data technologies enables full chain perception and analysis of energy production to consumption and provides important support for the safe and stable operation of energy systems, energy efficiency improvements at the end of consumption, and source-network-throw-storage synergies.
系统安全稳定运行。利用大数据技术针对能源电力系统中的数据进行采集、传输、存储、融合操作，可有效整合能源电力系统中多元异构数据，构建能源电力系统数字孪生模型，进一步提升对新能源出力、能源网络潮流分布、用户用能行为的感知与预测能力，为电热冷等异质能调度、交易及综合需求响应实施等提供重要决策辅助，保障异质能系统的安全、稳定与高效运行。
Systems operate safely and securely. Large data technologies for collecting, transmitting, storing, integrating data in energy power systems allow for the effective integration of multiple isomeric data in energy power systems, the construction of digital twin models for energy power systems, the further enhancement of the ability to understand and predict new energy sources, the distribution of energy network currents, the perception of user behaviour and the prediction of energy use behaviour, and the provision of critical decision-making support for heterogeneous energy scheduling, trade and the implementation of integrated demand responses, such as heat and cooling, to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of heterogeneous energy systems.
消费端能效提升。依托大数据技术挖掘用户用能行为与能源价格、天气、时间等因素间所隐含的关联关系，通过构建用户用能种类、用能时间、用能强度及用能弹性等模型，实现对多元能源用户的精准画像，为能源消费端的能源消费优化方案制定、能源消费服务定制及用户侧资源发掘提供理论指导，推动能源消费侧用能成本降低、实现用能综合化效率提升。
Increased energy efficiency at the consumer end, relying on large data technologies to tap into the implicit correlation between user behaviour and energy prices, weather, time, etc., to achieve accurate imagery of multiple energy users by building models of user energy types, energy time, energy intensity and energy elasticity, to provide theoretical guidance for energy consumption end-use optimization programmes, energy consumption service customization and user-side resource extraction, and to promote energy consumption side-use cost reduction and energy integration efficiency improvements.
源-网-荷-储协同。依托大数据技术对能源电力系统中积累的海量数据的分析可精准洞悉源-网-荷-储间能源流、业务流、信息流的流向与交互模式，揭示系统中多元主体间的“三流”交互机理，进而有效推动源-网-荷-储协调优化，提升异质能网络的可靠性与经济性，支撑能源电力系统安全稳定运行。
Source-net-hero-store synergies. The analysis of large-scale data-based data accumulated in energy power systems provides an accurate insight into the flow and interaction patterns of energy flows, business flows, information flows, and the “triple-stream” interactions between multiple players in the system, thus effectively promoting the optimization of the source-net-hero-store coordination, enhancing the reliability and economics of heterogeneous energy networks, and supporting the safe and stable operation of energy power systems.
云平台技术
cloud platform technology
云平台是依托存储、交换以及虚拟化组件，通过关联各类数据、整合多种计算资源形成的逻辑统一的数据中心。云平台具有虚拟化、高可靠性、高通用性、高可扩展性、高速、灵活性等特征。与传统的服务器相比，云平台将物理资源虚拟化为虚拟机资源池，可通过灵活调用软硬件资源为用户提供各类服务。
The cloud platform is a logical unified data centre built on storage, exchange, and virtualization components that connect data types and integrate multiple computing resources. The cloud platform is characterized by virtualization, high reliability, high interoperability, high scalability, high speed, and flexibility. Compared to traditional servers, the cloud platform virtualizes the physical resources into a virtual machine resource pool that can provide a variety of services to users by using soft and hardware resources in a flexible manner.
云平台以客户需求为向导，通过向用户提供基础设施即服务（IaaS）、平台即服务（PaaS）、软件即服务（SaaS）三大类服务，可助力实现用能服务精细化和终端设备监控智能化（见图3）。
By providing users with three main types of services, namely, infrastructure, i.e. services (IAAS), platform services, and software, i.e. services, (SaaaS), the cloud platform is guided by client needs and can contribute to the fine-tuning of energy services and end-user monitoring and intelligence (see figure 3).
用能服务精细化管理。云平台利用其虚拟化资源管理技术实现对用户身份、用能信息等各类数据信息统筹储存与管理，并将数据信息抽象化关联形成跨应用、跨部门、跨系统的信息协同共享资源，构建具备管理动态化、数据可视化等特征的智慧能源管理系统，为用户提供实时在线的能源消费服务，在对用户开展能效诊断、能效薄弱环节识别的基础上，定制相应的节能技改、能源合同管理等服务方案，实现基于能源大数据的能源服务精细化管理。
The cloud platform uses its virtual resource management techniques for the integrated storage and management of various types of data information, such as user identification, energy information, and for the abstract association of data information into information-sharing resources across applications, sectors and systems, for the construction of intelligent energy management systems with features such as dynamic management, data visualization, for the provision of real-time online energy consumption services to users, and for the customization of corresponding service programmes, such as energy efficiency technology modification and energy contract management, on the basis of energy efficiency diagnostics and vulnerability identification of users, and for the fine-tuning of energy services based on energy data.
终端智能化监控。依托云平台开放包容的技术特点，推动多元主体及设备的广泛接入，打破实体结构间的技术壁垒与体制壁垒，在此基础上，以数据驱动构建的特征库、模型库及算法库为依据，围绕“两高三低”目标，即能源系统终端用能效率提高、供能可靠性提高以及用户用能成本降低、碳排放降低和其他污染物排放降低，对各类终端实现状态监测与遥控、遥调，推动能源电力系统的多目标动态优化。
On the basis of the technological characteristics of the cloud platform, which are open and inclusive, promote broad access to diverse subjects and equipment and break technical and institutional barriers between physical structures, based on data-driven features, model banks and algorithms, it is built around the goal of “two, three, three, and three” energy system end-use efficiency, reliability and user cost reduction, reduced carbon emissions and other pollutants emissions, monitoring and remote and remote rotation of end-use status and promoting the optimization of multiple target dynamics of energy power systems.
原标题:智慧能源与能源革命
Original title: Smart Energy and the Energy Revolution
注册有任何问题请添加 微信：MVIP619 拉你进入群
打开微信扫一扫
添加客服
进入交流群
发表评论